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Levels of Processing and Dissociation of Explicit and Implicit Memory: Normal Young and Elderly Adults, Alzheimer's Patients and Parkinson's Patients

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2007, v.19 no.2, pp.93-111
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.2.001



Abstract

Four experiments were conducted to investigate how aging and neuro-degeneration affect explicit and implicit memory task performance with respect to levels of processing. Each experiment consisted of an encoding stage and a retrieval stage. Participants performed either a semantic processing task or a perceptual processing task at the encoding stage, and performed both a cued recall task and a word fragment completion task at the retrieval stage. In Experiment 1, a typical dissociation between the explicit and the implicit memory with respect to the levels of processing was found in college students. In Experiments 2, 3, and 4, no dissociation was found in elderly adults, Alzheimer's patients, and Parkinson's patients. Dissociation was not found in both the elderly and the neuro-degeneration groups. The implications of these results were discussed in the final section with respect to understanding of human's memory structures and processing.

keywords
explicit memory, implicit memory, dissociation, levels of processing, aging, Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type, Parkinson's disease., 외현기억, 암묵기억, 해리, 처리수준, 노화, 알쯔하이머형 치매, 파킨슨병

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