바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

Effects of Word Concreteness on False Recognition

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2007, v.19 no.3, pp.201-219
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.3.002


  • Downloaded
  • Viewed

Abstract

The interaction between word types (concrete words vs abstract words) and attention (focused attention vs divided attention), and the interaction between word types and the levels of processing on the false memory were investigated in two experiments using the DRM paradigm. In Experiment 1, the word types and the degree of attention were manipulated. The results of Experiment 1 showed that false memory was greater in the abstract word list condition than the concrete word condition, and this pattern was more apparent when attention is divided during learning. In Experiment 2, the effects of word types and the levels of processing on false memory were investigated. False memory was greater in the abstract word list condition, and in the semantic judgment condition. The results of the two experiments can be explained by the fuzzy trace theory an dthe activation/monitoring hypothesis.

keywords
오기억, 단어구체성, 주의분산, 처리깊이, word concreteness, divided attention, levels of processing, false memory.

Reference

1.

박미자. (2004). 인지부하가 오기억에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16, 111-130.

2.

박영신, 김기중, 박희경. (2004). DRM 패러다임에서 오기억과 실제 기억에 미치는 부적 정서의 효과. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16, 131-150.

3.

박태진. (2004). 한국어 단어의 연상 빈도 및 심상가 조사. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16, 237-260.

4.

유현주. (2005). 작업기억에서 다중정보의 통합: 청년과 노년의 비교연구. 성균관대학교 박사학위 청구논문.

5.

Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17-22.

6.

Dodson, C. S., Koustaal, W., & Schacter, D. L. (2000). Escape from illusion: Reducing false memories. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 391-397.

7.

Glanzer, M., & Adams, J. K. (1990). The mirror effect in recognition memory: Data and theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 16, 5-16.

8.

Hirshman, E., & Arndt, J. (1997). Discriminating alternative conceptions of false recognition: the cases of word concreteness and word frequency. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 23, 1306- 1323.

9.

Humphreys, M. S. (1978). Item and relational information: A case for context independent retrieval. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 17, 175-188.

10.

Israel, L., & Schacter, D. L. (1997). Pictorial encoding reduces false recognition of semantic associates. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 4, 577-581.

11.

Mather, M., Henkel, L. A., & Johnson, M. K. (1997). Evaluating characteristics of false memories: Remember/know judgments and memory characteristics questionnaire compared. Memory & Cognition, 25, 826-837.

12.

McDermott, K. B. (1996). The persistence of false memories in list recall. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 212-230.

13.

Paivio, A. (1986). Mental representation: A dual coding approach. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

14.

Paivio, A. (1991). Dual coding theory: Retrospect and current status. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 45, 255-287.

15.

Payne, D. G., Elie, C. J., Blackwell, J. M., & Neuschatz, J. S. (1996). Memory illusions: Recalling, recognizing, and recollecting events that never occurred. Journal of Memory and Language, 35, 261-285.

16.

Perez-Mata, M. N., Read, J. D., & Diges, M. (2002). Effects of divided attention and word concreteness on correct recall and false memory reports. Memory, 10, 161-177.

17.

Praterelli, M. E., Bower, M., & Tiedt, A. (1998). Imageability and depth of processing effects on false recognitions. Poster presented at the 39th annual Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Dallas.

18.

Reyna, V. F., & Brainerd, C. J. (1995). Fuzzy- trace theory: An interim synthesis. Learning and Individual Differences, 7, 1-75.

19.

Reyna, V. F., & Lloyd, F. (1997). Theories of false memory in children and adults. Learning and Individual Differences, 9, 95-123.

20.

Roediger, H. L. III., Balota, D. A., & Watson, J. M. (2001). Spreading activation and arousal of false memories. In H. L. Roediger, III, J. S. Nairne, I. Neath, & A. M. Surprenant (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder (pp. 95-115). Wasington DC: American Psychological Association.

21.

Roediger, H. L. III., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 21, 803-814.

22.

Rhodes, M. G., & Anastasi, J. S. (2000). The effects of a level-of-processing manipulation on false recall. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7, 158-162.

23.

Seamon, J. G., Goodkind, M S., Dumey, A. D., Dick, E., Aufseeser, M. S., Strickland, S. E., Woulfin, J. R., & Fung, N. S. (2003). “If I didn't write it, why would I remember it?” Effects of encoding, attention, and practice on accurate and false memory, Memory & Cognition, 31, 445-457.

24.

Seamon, J. G., Luo, C. R., & Gallo, D. A. (1998). Creating false memories of words with or without recognition of list items: Evidence for nonconscious process. Psychological Science, 9, 20-26.

25.

Stadler, M. A., Roediger, H. L. III., & McDermott, K. B. (1999). Norms for word lists that create false memories. Memory & Cognition, 27, 494-500.

26.

Thapar, A., & McDermott, K. B. (2001). False recall and false recognition induced by presentation of associated words: Effect of retention interval and level of processing. Memory & Cognition, 29, 424-432.

27.

Toglia. M. P., Neuschatz, J. S., & Goodwin, K. A. (1999). Recall accuracy and illusory memories: When more is less. Memory, 7, 233-256.

28.

Turner, M. L., & Engle, R. W. (1989), Is working memory capacity task dependent? Journal of Memory and Language, 28, 127-154.

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology