ISSN : 1226-9654
본 연구는 금전적 보상과 선택적 주의가 사회정서적 판단에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 반응/반응억제 과제를 통해 선택적 주의를 조작하였고 참가자들은 낯선 얼굴이나 자연 풍경 사진 위에 반투명하게 나타나는 단서의 종류에 따라 반응을 하거나 억제하였다. 반응/반응억제 과제에 이어서 얼굴의 신뢰도 혹은 자연 풍경의 아름다움을 평가하는 과제로 사회정서적 판단변화를 측정했다. 금전적 보상이 주어지지 않은 반응억제 시행에서 참가자들은 반응억제 단서가 나오지 않은 얼굴을 더 신뢰할 수 있어 보인다고 평가하는 경향을 보인 반면 반응 시행에서는 어떠한 편향도 보이지 않았다. 그러나 금전적 보상이 주어진 경우 반응과 반응 억제 시행 모두 사회정서적 판단의 편향이 나타났다. 참가자들은 반응 시행에서 반응 단서가 나오지 않은 얼굴과 풍경 사진이 각각 더 신뢰할 수 없고 더 아름답지 않아 보인다고 답하는 경향을 보였으며 반응억제 시행에서는 금전적 보상이 없을 때와 마찬가지로 반응억제 단서가 나오지 않은 얼굴이 더 신뢰할 수 있어 보인다고 평가하였다. 후속 실험에서는 이러한 결과가 금전적 보상에 의한 선택적 주의 강화 때문이라는 추가적인 증거를 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 금전적 보상이 사회정서적 판단에 영향을 미치는 선택적 주의 효과를 강화할 수 있음을 시사한다.
The present study investigated how attentional selection and monetary incentives influence social and emotional judgment on unfamiliar faces and scenes. Attentional selection was modulated with a Go/No-Go task. A transparent color cue was superimposed on the face or scene stimuli. The participants responded when the Go cue appeared and inhibited their responses when the No-Go cue appeared. In the following evaluation task, the participants evaluated the trustworthiness of faces and the beauty of scenes. When monetary incentives were absent, no evaluation bias was observed on the Go trials. Only on the No-Go trials, the participants evaluated the uncued face more trustworthy than the cued one. When monetary incentives were given, however, evaluation bias was observed on both the Go and No-Go trials. On the Go trials, the uncued faces were evaluated less trustworthy and the uncued scenes were evaluated less beautiful. In addition, the participants evaluated the uncued face more trustworthy on the No-Go trials. An additional experiment confirmed that these results were due to attentional enhancement by monetary incentives. These results suggest that evaluation of stimuli can be biased by attention and that monetary incentives can strengthen attentional effects on social and emotional judgment.
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