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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.19 No.4

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생략된 주어가 있는 문장 처리에 담화특출성이 미치는 영향

The Influence of Discourse Prominence on the Comprehension of Null-subject Sentences in Korean Adults

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2007, v.19 no.4, pp.383-400
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.4.008
송현주 (연세대학교)
윤정은 (연세대학교)
송현주, & 윤정은. (2007). 생략된 주어가 있는 문장 처리에 담화특출성이 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 19(4), 383-400, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.4.008

초록

본 연구는 생략된 주어 처리에 있어서 선행어의 이전 담화에서의 문장 성분과 어순의 영향을 검증하였다. 실험 참가자들은 세 문장으로 된 짧은 이야기들을 컴퓨터 스크린 상에서 읽거나(실험 1) 녹음된 동일한 이야기들을 헤드폰을 통해 들었다(실험 2). 각 이야기에서 마지막 문장인 검사 문장은 주어가 생략된 문장이었는데(예: 성악가에게 서점에 같이 가자고 했습니다), 그 생략된 주어의 지시체(referent)는 바로 이전 문장의 주어이거나, 혹은 목적어 또는 부사어였다. 각 문장은 한 문장씩 제시되었고, 피험자들은 각 문장을 이해하자마자 반응버튼을 누르도록 요청되었다. 실험 1과 2 모두에서 검사 문장의 생략된 주어가 이전 문장의 주어를 지시할 때 검사 문장의 이해 속도가 빨라지는 것으로 나타났다. 실험 1에서는 생략된 주어가 이전 문장에서 주어가 아닌 다른 개체를 지시할 경우 맥락 문장에서 그 개체가 주어보다 앞에 언급되었을 때(예: 성악가를 목수가 길에서 만났다)에, 주어 이후에 언급되었을 때(예: 목수가 성악가를 길에서 만났다)보다 검사 문장의 처리 속도가 빠른 패턴이 발견되었으나 실험 2의 듣기 과제에서는 이러한 패턴이 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 실험 결과는 한국어에서 담화 개체의 특출성(prominence)을 증진시키는 요소로서의 문장 성분이나 어순의 역할에 대한 경험적 증거를 제공하며, 담화 정보의 언어 보편적, 언어 특정적 영향에 대한 시사점을 제공한다.

keywords
Korean language processing, discourse comprehension, discourse prominence, ellipsis, null subject, 한국어 문장 처리, 담화 처리, 담화특출성, 생략주어

Abstract

The current research examined what type of discourse information Korean adults exploit when understanding sentences with null subjects. Adults read or heard short stories which consisted of 3 context sentences and one target sentence. The target sentence's subject was omitted. The target sentence either continued the subject of the preceding context or shifted subjects. The subject of the preceding context sentence was first or second mentioned within the sentence. The sentences of each stimulus story was presented one at a time either visually on a computer screen or auditorially over headphones, and subjects pressed a key as soon as they understood each sentence. The button-press reaction times was an index of comprehension difficulty. The results showed that Korean-speaking adults was quicker to understand null pronoun subject sentences when the subject was continued than when it was shifted from the prior context sentence. This pattern was found regardless of the position of the subject of the preceding context sentence. The first-mention advantage was found only in the self-paced reading task. The results are discussed in terms of language-universal and language-specific cues that enhance the discourse prominence of discourse entities.

keywords
Korean language processing, discourse comprehension, discourse prominence, ellipsis, null subject, 한국어 문장 처리, 담화 처리, 담화특출성, 생략주어

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