Asaad, W. F., Rainer, G. & Miller, E. K. (2000). Task-specific neural activity in the primate prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol. 84, 451-459.

Atkinson, R. C.; Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). “Chapter: Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes”. In Spence, K. W.; Spence, J. T. The psychology of learning and motivation (Volume 2). New York: Academic Press. pp.89-195.

Awh, E., Jonides, J., Smith, E. E., Schumacher, E. H., Koeppe, R. A., & Katz, S. (1996). Dissociation of storage and rehearsal in verbal WM: Evidence from Positron Emission Tomography. Psychol Sci, 7(1), 25-31.

Awh, E., Jonides, J., & Reuter-Lorenz, P. A. (1998). Rehearsal in spatial WM. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 24(3), 780-790.

Awh, E., Jonides, J., Smith, E. E., Buxton, R. B., Frank, L. R., Love, T., Wong, E. C., & Gmeindl, L. (1999). Rehearsal in spatial WM. Psychol Sci, 10(5), 433-437.

Awh, E., Anllo-Vento, L., & Hillyard, S. A. (2000). The role of spatial selective attention in WM for locations: evidence from event- related potentials. J Cogn Neurosci, 12(5), 840- 847.

Awh, E., & Jonides, J. (2001). Overlapping mechanisms of attention and spatial WM. Trends Cogn Sci, 5(3), 119-126

Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory (Vol. 8, pp.47-89). New York: Academic Press. (1986). WM. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Baddeley, A. (1986). Working Memory. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Barch, D. M., Braver, T. S., Nystrom, L. E., Forman, S. D., Noll, D. C., & Cohen, J. D. (1997). Dissociating WM from task difficulty in human prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychologia, 35(10), 1373-1380.

Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Kelley, W. M., Buckner, R. L., Cohen, N. J., et al (2001). Direct comparison of prefrontal cortex regions engaged by working and long-term memory tasks. NeuroImage, 14, 48-59.

Buckner, R. L., & Koutstaal, W. (1998). Functional neuroimaging studies of encoding, priming, and explicit memory retrieval. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95(3), 891-898.

Campo, P., Maestu, F., Ortiz, T., Capilla, A., Fernandez, S., & Fernandez, A. (2005). Is medial temporal lobe activation specific for encoding long-term memories? Neuroimage,25(1), 34-42.

Cohen, J. D., Perlstein, W. M., Braver, T. S., Nystrom, L. E., Noll, D. C. et al. (1997). Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a WM task. Nature, 386(6625), 604-608.

Courtney, S. M., Ungerleider, L. G., Keil, K., & Haxby, J. V. (1996). Object and spatial visual WM activate separate neural systems in human cortex. Cereb Cortex, 6(1), 39-49.

Courtney, S. M., Ungerleider, L. G., Keil, K., & Haxby, J. V. (1997). Transient and sustained activity in a distributed neural system for human WM. Nature, 386(6625), 608-611.

Courtney, S. M., Petit, L., Maisog, J. M., Ungerleider, L. G., & Haxby, J. V. (1998). An area specialized for spatial WM in human frontal cortex. Science, 279(5355), 1347-1351.

D'Esposito, M., Aguirre, G. K., Zarahn, E., Ballard, D., Shin, R. K., & Lease, J. (1998). Functional MRI studies of spatial and nonspatial WM. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 7(1), 1-13.

D'Esposito, M., & Postle, B. R. (1999). The dependence of span and delayed-response performance on prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychologia, 37(11), 1303-1315.

D'Esposito, M., Postle, B. R., Ballard, D., & Lease, J. (1999). Maintenance versus manipulation of information held in WM: an event-related fMRI study. Brain Cogn, 41(1), 66-86.

Druzgal, T. J., & D'Esposito, M. (2003). Activity in fusiform face area modulated as a function of WM load. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 10(3), 355-364

Funahashi S, Bruce CJ, Goldman-Rakic PS (1989). Mnemonic coding of visual space in the monkey’s dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol 61:331-349.

Golby, A. J., Poldrack, R. A., Brewer, J. B., Spencer, D., Desmond, J. E., Aron, A. P., & Gabrieli, J. D. (2001). Material-specific lateralization in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex during memory encoding. Brain, 124(Pt 9), 1841-1854.

Goldman-Rakic PS. (1987). Circuitry of the prefrontal cortex and the regulation of behavior by representational knowledge. In: Handbook of Physiology (Plum F, Mountcastle VB, eds), pp.373-417. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society.

Gruber, O., & von Cramon, D. Y. (2003). The functional neuroanatomy of human WM revisited. Evidence from 3-T fMRI studies using classical domain-specific interference tasks. Neuroimage, 19(3), 797-809.

Habeck, C., Rakitin, B. C., Moeller, J., Scarmeas, N., Zarahn, E. et al. (2005). An event-related fMRI study of the neural networks underlying the encoding, maintenance, and retrieval phase in a delayed-match-to-sample task. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 23(2-3), 207-220.

Haxby, J. V., Ungerleider, L. G., Horwitz, B., Rapoport, S. I., & Grady, C. L. (1995). Hemispheric differences in neural systems for face WM: A PET-rCBF study. Human Brain Mapping, 3, 68-82.

Jha, A. P., & McCarthy, G. (2000). The influence of memory load upon delay- interval activity in a working-memory task: an event-related functional MRI study. J Cogn Neurosci, 12 Suppl 2, 90-105.

Johnson, M. K., Raye, C. L., Mitchell, K. J., Greene, E. J., & Anderson, A. W. (2003). FMRI evidence for an organization of prefrontal cortex by both type of process and type of information. Cereb Cortex, 13(3), 265- 273.

Jonides, J., Smith, E. E., Koeppe, R. A., Awh, E., Minoshima, S., & Mintun, M. A. (1993). Spatial WM in humans as revealed by PET. Nature, 363(6430), 623-625.

Kelley, W. M., Miezin, F. M., McDermott, K. B., Buckner, R. L., Raichle, M. E. et al. (1998). Hemispheric specialization in human dorsal frontal cortex and medial temporal lobe for verbal and nonverbal memory encoding. Neuron, 20(5), 927-936.

Kessler, K., & Kiefer, M. (2005). Disturbing visual WM: electrophysiological evidence for a role of the prefrontal cortex in recovery from interference. Cereb Cortex, 15(7), 1075 -1087.

Leung, H. C., Gore, J. C., & Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (2002). Sustained mnemonic response in the human middle frontal gyrus during on-line storage of spatial memoranda. J Cogn Neurosci, 14(4), 659-671.

Leung, H. C., Seelig, D., & Gore, J. C. (2004). The effect of memory load on cortical activity in the spatial WM circuit. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci, 4(4), 553-563.

Logie, R. (1995). Visuo-Spatial WM. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd.

Miller, E. K., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu Rev Neurosci, 24, 167-202.

Nystrom, L. E., Braver, T. S., Sabb, F. W., Delgado, M. R., Noll, D. C., & Cohen, J. D. (2000). WM for letters, shapes, and locations: fMRI evidence against stimulus- based regional organization in human prefrontal cortex. Neuroimage, 11, 424-446.

Owen, A. M., Evans, A. C., & Petrides, M. (1996). Evidence for a two-stage model of spatial WM processing within the lateral frontal cortex: a positron emission tomography study. Cereb Cortex, 6(1), 31-38.

Owen, A. M., Stern, C. E., Look, R. B., Tracey, I., Rosen, B. R., & Petrides, M. (1998). Functional organization of spatial and nonspatial WM processing within the human lateral frontal cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95(13), 7721-7726.

Owen, A. M., Herrod, N. J., Menon, D. K., Clark, J. C., Downey, S. P. et al. (1999). Redefining the functional organization of WM processes within human lateral prefrontal cortex. Eur J Neurosci, 11(2), 567-574.

Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and verbal processes. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

Paulesu, E., Frith, C. D., & Frackowiak, R. S. (1993). The neural correlates of the verbal component of WM. Nature, 362(6418), 342-345

Petrides, M. (1994). Frontal lobes and behaviour. Curr Opin Neurobiol, 4(2), 207-211.

Postle, B. R., Berger, J. S., & D'Esposito, M. (1999). Functional neuroanatomical double dissociation of mnemonic and executive control processes contributing to WM performance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 96(22), 12959- 12964.

Postle, B. R., & D'Esposito, M. (1999). “What- Then-Where” in visual WM: an event- related fMRI study. J Cogn Neurosci, 11(6), 585-597.

Postle, B. R., Desposito, M., & Corkin, S. (2005). Effects of verbal and nonverbal interference on spatial and object visual WM. Mem Cognit, 33(2), 203-212.

Ranganath, C., Johnson, M. K., & D'Esposito, M. (2003). Prefrontal activity associated with WM and episodic long-term memory. Neuropsychologia, 41(3), 378-389.

Ranganath, C., Cohen, M. X., Dam, C., & D'Esposito, M. (2004). Inferior temporal, prefrontal, and hippocampal contributions to visual WM maintenance and associative memory retrieval. J Neurosci, 24(16), 3917 -3925.

Rainer G., Asaad W. F., Miller E. K. (1998). Selective representation of relevant information by neurons in the primate prefrontal cortex. Nature, 393, 577-579.

Rao S. C., Rainer G., Miller E. K. (1997). Integration of what and where in the primate prefrontal cortex. Science, 276, 821-824.

Rowe, J. B., Toni, I., Josephs, O., Frackowiak, R. S., & Passingham, R. E. (2000). The prefrontal cortex: response selection or maintenance within WM? Science, 288(5471), 1656-1660.

Rypma, B., Berger, J. S., & D'Esposito, M. (2002). The influence of working-memory demand and subject performance on prefrontal cortical activity. J Cogn Neurosci, 14(5), 721-731. Sakai, K., & Passingham, R. E. (2004). Prefrontal selection and medial temporal lobe reactivation in retrieval of short-term verbal information. Cereb Cortex, 14(8), 914-921.

Sakai, K., Rowe, J. B., & Passingham, R. E. (2002). Active maintenance in prefrontal area 46 creates distractor-resistant memory. Nat Neurosci, 5(5), 479-484.

Sakai, K., & Passingham, R. E. (2004). Prefrontal selection and medial temporal lobe reactivation in retrieval of short-term verbal information. Cereb Cortex, 14(8), 914- 921.

Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J., Koeppe, R. A., Awh, E., Schumacher, E. H., & Minoshima, S. (1995). Spatial versus object WM: PET investingations. J Cog Neuro, 7(3), 337-356.

Smith, E. E., Jonides, J., Marshuetz, C., & Koeppe, R. A. (1998). Components of verbal WM: evidence from neuroimaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95(3), 876-882.

Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J. (1999). Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science, 283(5408), 1657-1661.

Todd, J. J., & Marois, R. (2004). Capacity limit of visual short-term memory in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature, 428(6984), 751-754.

Wager, T. D., & Smith, E. E. (2003). Neuroimaging studies of WM: a meta- analysis. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci, 3(4), 255-274.

Wagner, A. D., Poldrack, R. A., Eldridge, L. L., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., & Gabrieli, J. D. (1998). Material-specific lateralization of prefrontal activation during episodic encoding and retrieval. NeuroReport, 9(16), 3711-3717.

Wagner, A. D. (1999). WM contributions to human learning and remembering. Neuron, 22(1), 19-22.

Washburn, D. A., & Astur, R. S. (1998). Nonverbal WM of humans and monkeys: rehearsal in the sketchpad? Mem Cognit, 26(2), 277-286.

Waugh, N. C. and Norman, D. A. (1965). Primary Memory. Psychological Review, 72 (2), 89-104.

Zarahn, E., Aguirre, G. K., & D'Esposito, M. (1999). Temporal isolation of the neural correlates of spatial mnemonic processing with fMRI. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 7(3), 255- 268.