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ISSN : 1226-9654
The Age-Related Changes in Cognitive Function
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Abstract
In this study, the age-related changes in cognitive function were demonstrated over various domains. Multiple tests and experiments were executed with the young, middle-aged, and older adults to compare performances of vocabulary, memory, perception, attention, and language processing. Subtests of K-WAIS and of K-MAS measured vocabulary, working memory, verbal memory, perception and spatial ability. Experimental tasks (Stroop, lexical decision, and semantic categorization) were designed for estimating selective attention and language processing. In all measurements, the overall age-related decline was observed, but the declining patterns varied across the functions. The ability in perception rapidly decreased with age whereas the ability in vocabulary was relatively preserved. Working memory and verbal memory also declined continuously by aging, but not as much as perception. The age-related increase of the reaction time indicated that age-related slowing was common to all the 3 experiments. On the contrary, the results of the error rates were different across the tasks, which means that attention and language processing differs in susceptibility to aging. The results suggest that there are common parts and domain-specific parts in the age-related changes in cognitive function.
- keywords
- 인지, 노화, 연령, 노인, 청년, 어휘력, 기억, 지각, 주의, 언어, cognitive function, aging, age, older adults, young adults, vocabulary, memory, perception, attention, language
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