바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

ISSN : 1226-9654

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.25 No.2

Citation Share

Interaction between Spatial Compatibility and the SNARC effect

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2013, v.25 no.2, pp.219-238
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.2.005

(Johns Hopkins University)
& (2013). Interaction between Spatial Compatibility and the SNARC effect. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 25(2), 219-238, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.2.005

Abstract

When responding to numerals with left-right keypresses, performance is better for pairings of small numbers to left responses and large numbers to right responses than for the opposite pairings. Two accounts have been proposed to explain this Spatial Numerical Association of Response Code (SNARC) effect: the horizontal number line account which ascribes the SNARC effect to numbers coded as left or right and the polarity correspondence account which attributes it to the magnitude information being coded as a positive or negative polarity. This study examined whether the SNARC effect is due to the spatial correspondence between the number location on the number line and the response location, or to the correspondence between the polarity codes of the number magnitudes and response locations. When participants responded to the magnitude of an Arabic numeral presented at the left or right to fixation in Experiment 1, the SNARC effect was constant regardless of spatial correspondence between the stimulus and response locations. In contrast, when the numeral was presented above or below fixation in Experiment 2, the SNARC effect was smaller for the up-left/down-right pairings than for the up-right/down-left pairings. These results support a view that polarity correspondence contributes to the SNARC effect.

keywords
SNARC effect, Simon effect, orthogonal Simon effect, SRC effects, Polarity correspondence, SNARC 효과, Simon 효과, 직교 Simon 효과, 자극-반응 부합성 효과, 양극성 부합

Reference

1.

Adam, J. J., Boon, B., Paas, F. G. W. C., & Umiltá, C. (1998). The up-right/down-left advantage for vertically oriented stimuli and horizontally oriented responses: A dual-strategy hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24 (6), 582-1595.

2.

Bae, G. Y., Choi, J. M., Cho, Y. S., & Proctor, R. W. (2009). Transfer of Magnitude and spatial Mappings to the SNARC Effect for Parity Judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35 (6), 1506-1521.

3.

Cho, D. (T)., & Proctor, R. W. (2011). Correspondence effects for objects with opposing left and right protrusions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 37 (3), 737 -749.

4.

Cho, Y. S., & Proctor, R. W. (2001). Effect of an initiating action on the up-right/ down-left advantage for vertically arrayed stimuli and horizontally arrayed responses. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 27 (2), 472 -484.

5.

Cho, Y. S., & Proctor, R. W. (2003). Stimulus and response representation underlying orthogonal stimulus-response compatibility effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review (1), 10, 45-73.

6.

Cho, Y. S., Proctor, R. W., & Yamaguchi, M. (2008). Influence of response position and hand posture on the orthogonal Simon effect. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61 (7), 1020-1035.

7.

Dehaene, S., Bossini, S., & Giraux, P. (1993). The mental representation of parity and number magnitude. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122 (3), 371-396.

8.

De Jong, R., Liang, C.-C., & Lauber, E. (1994). Conditional and unconditional automaticity: A dual -process model of effects of spatial stimulus-response correspondence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20 (4), 731-750.

9.

Fias, W., Lauwereyns, J., & Lammertyn, L. (2001). Irrelevant digits affect feature-based attention depending on the overlap of neural circuits. Cognitive Brain Research, 12 (3), 415-423.

10.

Fischer, M. H., Warlop, N., Hill, R. L., & Fias, W. (2004). Oculomotor bias induced by number perception. Experimental Psychology, 51 (2), 91-97.

11.

Gevers, W., Reynovoet, B., & Fias, W. (2003). The mental representation of ordinal sequence is spatially organized. Cognition, 87 (3), B87-B95.

12.

Gevers, W., Lammertyn, J., Notebaert, W., Verguts, T., & Fias, W. (2006). Automatic response activation of implicit spatial information: Evidence from the SNARC effect. Acta Psychologica, 122 (3), 221-233.

13.

Hommel, B. (1993). Inverting the Simon effect by intention: Determinants of direction and extent of effects of irrelevant spatial information. Psychological Research, 55 (2), 270-279.

14.

Hommel, B., & Prinz, W. (Eds.) (1997). Theoretical issues in stimulus-response compatibility. Amsterdam: North-Holland.

15.

Ito, Y., & Hatta, T. (2004). Spatial structure of quantitative representation of numbers: Evidence from the SNARC effect. Memory & Cognition, 32 (4), 662-673.

16.

Keus, I. M., & Schwarz, W. (2005). Searching for the functional locus of the SNARC effect: Evidence for a response-related origin. Memory & Cognition, 33 (4), 681-695.

17.

Mapelli, D., Rusconi, E., & Umiltà, C. (2003). The SNARC effect: An instance of the Simon effect? Cognition, 88 (3), B1-B10.

18.

Nishimura, A., & Yokosawa, K. (2006). Orthogonal stimulus-response compatibility effects emerge even when the stimulus position is task-irrelevant. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59 (6), 1021 -1032.

19.

Notebaert, W., Gevers, W., Verguts, T., & Fias, W. (2006). Shared spatial representation of numbers and space: The reversal of the SNARC and the Simon effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 32 (5), 1197-1207.

20.

Proctor, R. W., & Cho, Y. S. (2006). Polarity correspondence: A general principle for performance of speeded binary classification tasks. Psychological Bulletin, 132 (3), 416 -442.

21.

Proctor, R. W., Miles, J. D., &Baroni, G. (2011). Reaction time distribution analysis of spatial correspondence effects. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 18 (2), 242-266.

22.

Proctor, R. W., & Vu, K. P. L. (2006). Stimulus-response compatibility principles: Data, theory, and application. Boca Raton, FL; CRC Press.

23.

Schwarz, W., & Keus, I. M. (2004). Moving the eyes along the mental number line: Comparing SNARC effects with saccadic and manual response. Perception & Psychophysics, 66 (4), 651-664.

24.

Santens, S., & Gevers, W. (2008). The SNARC effect does not imply a mental number line. Cognition, 108 (1), 263-270.

25.

Sternberg, S. (1969). The discovery of processing stages: Extensions of Donders’ method. In W. G. Koster (Ed.), Attention and Performance Ⅱ (pp.276-315). Amsterdam, North-Holland.

26.

Wiegand, K., & Wascher, E. (2007). The Simon effect for vertical S-R relations: changing the mechanism by randomly varying the S-R mapping rule? Psychological Research, 71 (2), 219-233.

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy