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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.25 No.2

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전역/국지처리에서 작업기억 용량의 개인차에 따른 정서가 효과

Does Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity influence the Emotional Valence Effect on Global/Local Processing?

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2013, v.25 no.2, pp.201-217
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.2.004
박선희 (전남대학교)
박태진 (전남대학교)
박선희, & 박태진. (2013). 전역/국지처리에서 작업기억 용량의 개인차에 따른 정서가 효과. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 25(2), 201-217, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.2.004

초록

이 연구는 자극 정서성이 전역/국지처리에 미치는 효과가 작업기억 용량(working memory capacity, WMC) 개인차에 따라 어떻게 달라지는지 밝히기 위해 수행되었다. 이 연구에서는 정서적 사진자극을 제시한 후 전역처리 또는 국지처리를 요구하는 자극을 제시하고서, 전역/국지자극 식별에 걸리는 반응시간, 그리고 전역자극과 국지자극이 일치하는 조건과 불일치하는 조건 사이의 반응시간 차이(간섭량)를 조사하였다. 전역/국지처리 자극의 밀도(고밀도/저밀도)와 자극의 정서가(부정/중립/긍정)가 참가자의 WMC(고용량/저용량)에 따라 반응시간과 간섭량에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 연구 결과, WMC가 작은 사람은 WMC가 큰 사람에 비해 전반적으로 느린 반응속도를 보여주었다. 특히, WMC가 큰 사람은 국지처리의 경우 긍정자극에서 가장 큰 간섭량을 보였으며, 다음으로 부정자극과 중립자극 순이었다. 전역처리에서는 정서가에 따른 간섭량의 차이가 없었다. 반면, WMC가 작은 사람은 전역처리와 국지처리에 관계없이 중립자극이나 긍정자극에 비해 부정자극에서 가장 큰 간섭량을 보였다. 이 결과는 WMC가 큰 사람의 경우 전역처리 우세성(국지처리에서 전역형태에 의한 간섭)을 보이며, 긍정정서에서 전역처리 우세성이 가장 현저함을 보여준다. 반면, WMC가 작은 사람의 경우 중립자극이나 긍정자극에 비해 부정자극이 제시된 경우에 방해자극에 의한 억제가 잘 이루어지지 않았음을 시사한다.

keywords
working memory capacity(WMC), global/local processing, emotional valence, 작업기억용량, 전역/국지처리, 정서가

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate how emotional valence effect on global/local processing was influenced by individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC). Each trial of global/local visual processing task consisted of an emotional stimulus (positive/neutral/negative) followed by an hierarchical global/local stimulus. The reaction time data showed that participants with high WMC were overall faster than those with low WMC. The analysis of interference effect in high WMC demonstrated that the interference by an irrelevant global-level stimulus on local processing was larger under positive stimuli than under negative or neutral stimuli. But, in high WMC, the interference by local-level stimuli on global processing showed no emotional valence effect. On the other hand, low WMC showed larger interference effect under negative stimuli than under neutral or positive stimuli on both global and local processing. The results suggest that high WMC showed global dominance especially under positive stimuli, but low WMC showed more difficulty in controlling interference under negative stimuli than positive or neutral stimuli.

keywords
working memory capacity(WMC), global/local processing, emotional valence, 작업기억용량, 전역/국지처리, 정서가

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