Understanding the Properties of Visual Working Memory Consolidation and Comparison Processes Examined by Simultaneous- and Backward-Masking Manipulation

본 연구는 색상 변화탐지과제의 기억 및 검사항목들에 대해 동시 및 역행 차폐 처치를 통한 간섭을 초래함으로써 시각작업기억 공고화 과정과 비교과정의 처리 특성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 변화탐지 과제의 기억항목 또는 검사항목과 위치가 중첩되는 차폐자극이 각각의 항목들과 동시에 혹은 뒤이어 제시되었다. 동시차폐가 처치된 경우, 기억차폐와 검사차폐 조건 각각에서 변화탐지 정확도는 항목개수가 증가함에 따라 현격히 감소되었으나 검사차폐의 조건의 정확도가 전반적으로 높은 것이 관찰되었다. 역행 차폐가 처치된 경우, 기억 및 검사 차폐 조건 모두에서 항목 개수의 증가에 따른 변화탐지 정확도의 감소가 역시 관찰되었으나, 검사차폐 조건의 탐지 효율성이 다소 높은 것으로 나타났다. 특히 차폐 간섭이 처치되지 않은 경우에는 차폐가 처치된 경우에 비해 월등한 변화탐지 정확도가 관찰되었다. 기억항목에 대한 동시 및 역행 차폐의 강력한 간섭 효과는 시각작업기억의 공고화 과정에 정보처리 병목이 존재함을 의미한다. 반면 기억항목보다는 검사항목에 초래하는 동시차폐의 상대적이고 강력한 간섭 효과는 비교 과정이 시각탐색과 유사하게, 기억과 지각 정보 간의 분명한 시각적 차이가 초래하는 현출성 탐지에 기초한 처리과정임을 시사한다.

keywords: visual working memory, simultaneous mask, backward mask, consolidation, comparison, 시각작업기억, 동시차폐, 역행차폐, 공고화, 비교

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the properties of VWM consolidation and comparison processes according to the interference driven by simultaneous and backward masks against sample and test items in a color-change detection task. To accomplish this, we displayed the mask stimuli that would superimpose either the sample or test items, simultaneously with or immediately after the sample or test items respectively. When the simultaneous masks were displayed, change detection accuracies in each sample- and test-mask condition rapidly decreased as the display setsize increased. However, when the backward masks were displayed, the change detection was relatively efficient for the test-mask condition compared with the sample-mask condition. When there was no mask, the detection accuracy was much higher than when the masks were present. The strong interference against the sample items observed both in the simultaneous- and backward-mask conditions shows that there is an information-processing bottleneck in the VWM consolidation process. Whereas the evident interference against the test items by the simultaneous-mask rather than by the backward-mask indicates that just as in visual search, the VWM comparison process may undergo a detection process for a salient pop-out elicited by a distinct visual difference across memory and perception.

keywords: visual working memory, simultaneous mask, backward mask, consolidation, comparison, 시각작업기억, 동시차폐, 역행차폐, 공고화, 비교

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논문 상세

Vol.25 No.4

동시 및 역행차폐 처치를 통한 시각작업기억 공고화 및 비교처리 과정의 이해

Understanding the Properties of Visual Working Memory Consolidation and Comparison Processes Examined by Simultaneous- and Backward-Masking Manipulation

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물