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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.25 No.4

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분노표정과 공포표정의 지각이 위기상황에서의 판단과 대응에 미치는 영향

The Impact of Perceiving Angry and Fearful Facial Expressions on Decision Making Performance in Threat Situations

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2013, v.25 no.4, pp.445-461
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.4.004
김민우 (육군사관학교 심리학과)
설선혜 (고려대학교)
문양호 (육군사관학교)
김민우, 설선혜, & 문양호. (2013). 분노표정과 공포표정의 지각이 위기상황에서의 판단과 대응에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 25(4), 445-461, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2013.25.4.004

초록

본 연구에서는 군인들에게 편도체를 안정적으로 활성화시킨다고 알려져 있는 부정적 정서(분노, 공포)를 표현하는 얼굴 자극을 제시한 뒤, 적군과 교전하는 위기상황에서 보이는 판단능력이 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석하였다. 분노 또는 공포의 표정을 3초 동안 제시하고 적군을 탐지하는 과제를 수행하도록 한 결과, 공포표정과 분노표정 조건 간 정확도의 차이는 없었으나 반응시간은 통계적으로 유의미한 수준에서 차이를 보였다. 구체적으로, 공포표정을 제시하였을 때보다 분노표정을 제시하였을 때 반응시간이 더 짧았다. 이러한 결과는 공포와 분노의 정서가 유발하는 행동(예를 들어, 공포-동결, 분노-공격)에 차이가 있기 때문에 발생한 것으로 보인다. 본 연구는 얼굴 표정이 가상적인 적군과의 교전 상황에서 군인들의 판단에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 최초의 연구로서, 공포와 분노의 정보처리와 관련된 신경학적 기전이나 현장에서의 적용가능성을 검토하는 후속 연구를 기대한다.

keywords
얼굴표정, 편도체, 의사판단, 공포, 분노, facial expressions, amygdala, decision making, fearful, angry

Abstract

The current study utilizes negative emotional facial expressions (fearful, angry) that are known to reliably stimulate the amygdala, and investigates their effects on decision making performance in threat situations. Results indicate that there were no significant differences in terms of accuracy when the subjects were asked to search and respond to enemy troops followed by exposure to fearful versus angry facial expressions for 3 seconds. However, we observed a statistically significant difference in response times. We found that the subjects required less time to respond to the targets when they were exposed to angry facial expressions, compared to when they were exposed to fearful facial expressions. This could be explained by the some of the behavioral consequences of these emotions (angry-aggression, fear-freezing). In sum, while both are categorized as negatively valenced emotions, perceiving either fearful or angry facial expressions can differentially impact a soldier's performance in detecting and responding to enemies in hostile and threatening situations.

keywords
얼굴표정, 편도체, 의사판단, 공포, 분노, facial expressions, amygdala, decision making, fearful, angry

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