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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.26 No.2

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Effects of Priming of Individualism-Collectivism on the Informational Processing in the Peripheral Vision

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2014, v.26 no.2, pp.41-66
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2014.26.2.001

(George Washington University)


& (2014). Effects of Priming of Individualism-Collectivism on the Informational Processing in the Peripheral Vision. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 26(2), 41-66, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2014.26.2.001

Abstract

The present research aims to investigate the top-down influence of individual and collective thinking on the informational processing of peripheral vision. Using a cultural priming task we primed the thinking style of individualism and collectivism for two groups of subjects respectively and conducted two types of change detection tasks with them in Exp 1 and 2. The change detection tasks were embedded in a dual task paradigm with a primary memory task for four numbers presented in the central vision area (visual angle < angle <4°) in order to control subjects’ eye fixation with attentional focus to the central region when perceiving visual stimuli presented in the peripheral vision area. Visual stimuli for the change detection tasks consisted of eight circles with various colors and sizes and were presented in a relatively near distance (visual angle <8°) and a far distance (visual angle <14°) to the central region. When the number stimuli for the memory task were to be disappeared, the change of visual stimuli could be occurred with changes of color saturation and size respectively or both of randomly selected two circles among the presented eight stimuli. We defined the change of the color saturation as the target feature and the size as the distracting features for both change detection tasks in Exp 1 and 2. However, the decision rules for two tasks were different. For the Exp 1 which we named the inclusive change detection task, participants were asked to detect if the change of visual stimuli included the change of target feature, i.e., the change of color saturation. For the Exp 2 named the exclusive change detection task, participants had to detect if only the target feature was changed, otherwise they had to reject all the other cases including the case that the target feature and distracting feature changed simultaneously. In results from Exp 1 and 2, there was a significant priming effect of individualism and collectivism when the visual stimuli was presented in the near distance. Results of Exp 1 showed the better detection performance of the individualism priming group when the target feature was changed, while results of Exp 2 showed the more accurate rejection responses of collectivism priming group when the target and distracting features changed simultaneously. Based on the current results, we insisted that individualism and collectivism do not modulate the range of attentional allocation, but induce different informational processes. Namely, the individualism may facilitate the selective informational process for the information directly related to current task, while the collectivism may increase the distributed informational process for all the information in the situation including distracting information.

keywords
individualism, collectivism, culture priming, visual change detection, peripheral vision, 개인주의, 집단주의, 문화 점화, 시각변화탐지, 주변시

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