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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.27 No.1

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작업기억용량 개인차에 따른 부정적 얼굴정서처리에서의 작업기억부담 효과

Working Memory Load Effect on Negative Emotional Face Processing Depends on Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2015, v.27 no.1, pp.41-58
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2015.27.1.003
박태진 (전남대학교)
김정희 (전남대학교)
박태진, & 김정희. (2015). 작업기억용량 개인차에 따른 부정적 얼굴정서처리에서의 작업기억부담 효과. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 27(1), 41-58, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2015.27.1.003

초록

얼굴정서처리에 미치는 작업기억부담효과가 작업기억용량에 따라 달라지는지를 규명하기 위해 ERP연구를 수행하였다. 먼저 작업기억용량을 측정하는 조작폭과제 점수에 따라 고용량집단과 저용량집단을 선발하였다. 지연재인과제에서 기억해야 할 시각적 대상의 수를 2개(저부담) 또는 6개(고부담)로 하여 작업기억 부담을 조작하였고, 지연기간 동안 제시된 부정적 또는 중립적 얼굴자극에 대한 ERP를 측정하였다. 재인반응은 저용량집단보다 고용량집단에서, 그리고 고부담조건보다 저부담조건에서 더 빠르고 정확하였고, 중립얼굴조건에 비해 부정얼굴조건에서 재인반응이 더 부정확한 정서가효과는 고부담조건에서만 관찰되었다. 하후측영역의 N170 진폭을 분석한 결과, 중립얼굴에 비해 부정얼굴에서 N170 진폭이 더 큰 정서가효과가 작업기억용량에 따라 상이하였는데, 저부담조건의 경우 두 용량집단 모두 양반구에서 정서가효과를 보였지만, 고부담조건의 경우에는 저용량집단이 양반구에서 정서가효과를 보이지 않은 반면 고용량집단은 우반구에서 정서가효과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는, 작업기억부담이 얼굴정서처리에 필요한 주의자원을 감소시키지만 고용량집단의 경우 저용량집단과 달리 작업기억부담이 큰 상황에서도 정서처리가 가능하며, 얼굴정서처리가 주의자원에 의존함을 시사한다.

keywords
작업기억용량, 얼굴정서처리, 작업기억부담, ERP, N170, working memory capacity, emotional face processing, working memory load, ERP, N170

Abstract

The present study examined whether individual differences in working memory capacity (WMC) modulate the effect of working memory load on emotional face processing. Each group of high-span and low-span was selected by virtue of participants’ WMC scores of operation span task. Working memory load (WML) was manipulated within subjects by the mental rehearsal of two (low-WML) versus six (high-WML) visual objects in delayed recognition task. A picture of negative (angry) or neutral face was presented during delay while event-related brain potentials were recorded. Behavioral results of recognition judgment showed that relative inaccuracy by negative face compared to neutral face was found only at high-WML. In case of low-WML, valence effects (enhanced N170 amplitude to negative compared to neutral face) were found on both left and right hemispheres of low-span as well as high-span. But, in case of high-WML, valence effect was found only on right hemisphere of high-span. These results suggest that working memory load reduces attentional resources for distracting negative facial expressions, but high-span of working memory can process facial expressions even under high load of working memory. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that facial expression processing is dependent on attentional resources.

keywords
작업기억용량, 얼굴정서처리, 작업기억부담, ERP, N170, working memory capacity, emotional face processing, working memory load, ERP, N170

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