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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.28 No.1

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Effects of optogenetic activation of dopamine neurons during discriminatory fear learning

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2016, v.28 no.1, pp.143-155
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.1.007


& (2016). Effects of optogenetic activation of dopamine neurons during discriminatory fear learning. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 28(1), 143-155, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.1.007

Abstract

Midbrain dopamine neurons exhibit diverse responses to aversive stimuli, such as foot and tail shocks. Specifically one group of dopamine cells is phasically inhibited by the stimuli, whereas the other group is excited. A previous report indicated that mice whose dopamine neurons were genetically modified to disrupt the excited, but not inhibited, response to a shock exhibited generalized anxiety behavior after experiencing fearful events. Thus, it was hypothesized that an increase in dopaminergic excitation improved discriminatory fear learning. To test this idea, mice were trained in a discriminatory fear conditioning paradigm where one auditory conditioned stimulus (CS+) was paired with aversive footshock and the other tone (CS-) was not paired. Dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area were optogenetically stimulated during the presentation of one of the two CSs. The intensity of the footshock was strong enough for control mice to show generalized fear responses to both CSs. However, dopamine-stimulated mice was able to discriminate between two CSs, so that they freezed more time in response to CS+ than to CS-. These results suggest that dopamine neurons contribute to fear discrimination.

keywords
dopamine, fear conditioning, optogenetics, 도파민, 공포조건화, 광유전학

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