Effects of Emotional Arousal Induced by Crime-Related Words on Visual Feature Binding

정서적 각성은 우리의 감각 정보 처리 과정에 다양한 방식으로 영향을 끼친다. 본 연구는 정서를 유발하는 범죄 관련 자극이 관찰자의 주의를 포획하여, 정서를 유발하지 않는 중립 자극에 비해 더 정확하게 기억되는 범죄 자극의 우세성이 시각 세부 특징 결합의 과정에서도 발견되는지를 확인하였다. 각기 다른 색상을 가진 범죄 단어와 중립 단어들을 동시에 제시한 후(기억 화면), 그 중 검사 단어의 색상 정보에 대해 변화 탐지 과제를 실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 검사 단어가 기억 화면에 제시되었던 단어들과 다른, 새로운 색상으로 제시될 때(변화 조건)는 범죄 단어의 기억 우세성이 발견되었으나, 검사 단어가 기억 화면 중 다른 단어의 색상으로 제시되는 경우(교환 조건)에서는 발견되지 않았다. 이 결과는 제시된 단어의 색상을 모두 기억해야 하는 과제의 특성이 단어들 간의 지각적 조직화 정도를 강화시켰을 가능성에 기인할 수 있다. 이를 검증하기 위해 실험 2에서는 기억 화면을 구성하고 있는 범죄 단어와 중립 단어들 사이에 연결선을 추가하여 단어들 간의 지각적 조직화를 증진시키는 연결 조건과 단어들 사이에 분절선을 추가하여 지각적 조직화를 약화시키는 분리 조건간의 차이를 확인하였다. 연결 조건에서는 실험1에서와 같이 교환 조건에서 범죄 단어의 우세성을 확인할 수 없었으나, 분리 조건에서는 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 시각 정보 처리의 초기에 발생하는 세부 특징 결합의 과정에도 정서적 각성이 영향을 끼칠 수 있으며, 이런 정서적인 영향도 장면의 다양한 속성에 따라 그 방향성이 달라질 수 있다는 것을 보여준다.

keywords: 정서, 세부 특징 결합, 범죄, 주의, emotion, feature binding, crime, attention

Abstract

Emotional arousal influences sensory information processing in various ways. Observers’ memories of a crime-related stimulus capable of evoking emotional arousal, for example, are much more accurate than memories of a neutral stimulus that does not induce emotional arousal because the crime-related stimulus captures observers’ attention. This study explored whether this crime-related stimuli superiority can be also found in visual feature binding. For this experiment, after a brief presentation of a crime-related and two neutral words written in different colors on a memory display, one test word appeared on the test display. Participants were asked to perform a change detection task for the color of the test word. In experiment 1, participants showed more accurate memory in response to the color of the crime-related words than the neutral words in the New condition, wherein the test word appeared in a new color that had not been employed in any words of the memory display. In contrast, the superiority of the crime-related words was not observed in the Switch condition in which the test word was presented in a color that had been employed for another word of the memory display. Failure in finding the superiority of the crime-related words in the Switch condition might result from enhanced perceptual organization among words of the memory display because participants tried to remember three words as one group. In experiment 2, to test this hypothesis, we manipulated the level of perceptual organization among words by adding lines to the memory display: sometimes the lines connected three words and sometimes they did not. Although the superiority of crime-related words was not observed when connecting lines were added, the addition of unconnected lines resulted in better accuracy for crime-related words. These results suggested that emotional arousal had an effect on early visual information processing, and that the direction of the effect may be different according to various properties of the scene.

keywords: 정서, 세부 특징 결합, 범죄, 주의, emotion, feature binding, crime, attention

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논문 상세

Vol.28 No.2

범죄 관련 단어에 의해 유발된 정서적 각성이 시각 세부 특징 결합에 미치는 영향

Effects of Emotional Arousal Induced by Crime-Related Words on Visual Feature Binding

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물