- P-ISSN1226-9654
- E-ISSN2733-466X
- KCI
교육 경험에 따른 노인의 언어기억 기능과 회백질 부피 간 상관 차이
The role of education on the relationship between verbal episodic memory and gray matter volumes in Korean elderly women
최진영 (서울대학교)
초록
인지 예비능 이론에 따르면, 개인은 정규 교육 과정과 같은 지적 경험을 통해 인지적 과제의 해결을 돕는 자원을 축적하며, 이를 통해 노년기 뇌 병리적 변화에 효과적으로 대처할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 노인의 언어기억 기능의 뇌 구조적 기반에서 교육 경험에 따른 차이가 있는지 탐색하고자 하였다. 총 54명의 여성 노인을 대상으로 언어학습검사(EVLT)와 구조적 자기공명영상 촬영 자료가 수집되었으며, 초등교육과정 이수를 기준으로 저교육 집단(n = 27, 평균 교육연한 = 2.44)과 중등교육 집단(n = 27, 평균 교육연한 = 8.48)이 구분되었다. 각 교육 집단에서 국소적 회백질 부피와 EVLT 수행 간의 상관관계를 탐색하고, 집단 간의 상관관계 차이를 검증하였다. 분석 결과, 두 교육 집단의 EVLT 수행은 유사한 수준을 보였으나, 초등교육 미만의 교육을 받은 노인들의 기억기능은 내측두엽과 안와전두피질의 부피와 정적 상관이 높았던 반면, 초등교육 이상의 교육을 받은 노인들은 하두정피질, 쐐기앞소엽, 전전두피질의 부피와 정적 상관관계가 관찰되었다. 연구 결과는 노인들의 교육 수준에 따라 회백질 구조가 기억과제 수행에 기여하는 역할이 다를 수 있으며, 저교육 노인들의 노년기 기억 감퇴와 치매 병리에 대한 취약성을 설명하는 신경학적 기제일 가능성을 시사한다.
- keywords
- 교육 경험, 인지 예비능, 회백질 부피, 인지 노화, 일화기억, education, cognitive reserve, gray matter volume, cognitive aging, episodic memory
Abstract
According to the cognitive reserve hypothesis, more educated older adults are less susceptible to age-related or pathological cognitive changes due to accumulated resources necessary for various cognitive tasks. Although previous studies have validated the concept of cognitive reserve, it remains elusive how the early experience of education alters the relationship between regional gray matter volume and episodic memory performance. The present work examined Elderly Verbal Learning Test (EVLT) and structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging within 54 healthy older women. Education groups were divided into low (n = 27, mean education = 2.44) and middle (n = 27, mean education = 8.48) groups. We tested each group’s correlations between regional gray matter volume and memory performances using the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method and compared whether the correlations between the two groups differ. We found that regional volumes of the medial temporal lobe and orbitofrontal cortex highly correlated with EVLT performance among low education group, whereas the precuneus and inferior parietal lobule volumes were specifically associated with better memory performance among the middle education group. These results indicate that the neuroanatomical substrates contributing to better memory performance differ depending on the years of education, in concert with the protective effect of cognitive reserve.
- keywords
- 교육 경험, 인지 예비능, 회백질 부피, 인지 노화, 일화기억, education, cognitive reserve, gray matter volume, cognitive aging, episodic memory
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