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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.31 No.2

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Differential effects of Combined Stress during adolescence and adulthood on Anxiety-related Behaviors in Rats

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2019, v.31 no.2, pp.67-80
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2019.31.2.001


& (2019). Differential effects of Combined Stress during adolescence and adulthood on Anxiety-related Behaviors in Rats. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 31(2), 67-80, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2019.31.2.001

Abstract

We investigated the long-term effects of combined stress using adolescent and adult rats and determined whether there were differential effects depending developmental periods. The combined stress consisted of social isolation and chasing stress. The adolescent (5-weeks old) and adult (8-weeks old) rats were isolated three days prior to chasing stress. Both groups of the rats were assigned to social isolation (SI) or social isolation + chasing stress (SI+C) treatment. Chasing stress is a novel stress paradigm developed by the authors, in which the rats were chased by a fast-approaching robotic construct in an inescapable donut-shaped maze. Three weeks following the chasing stress, the rats were examined for long-term memory of the chasing tone, anxiety-like behavior, and new fear learning. In the chasing tone test, the adolescent SI+C showed a lower level of freezing in response to the chasing tone itself than the adult SI+C. However, there were no differences in freezing levels during inter-trial intervals. In the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test, the adolescent SI+C exhibited increased anxiety-related behaviors, but the adult SI+C did not. In the fear conditioning using footshock, the adult SI+C showed sensitized responses, whereas the adolescent SI+C showed impairment of new fear learning. In sum, the combined stress experienced during adolescence caused long-term disability in reacting properly to a warning cue as well as increased anxiety-related behavior. On the contrary, these effects were not induced by the same treatment during adulthood. Therefore, we propose that combined stress during adolescence, which consisted of social isolation and chasing stress, could be employed as an animal model of anxiety with consideration of the vulnerability of adolescents to anxiety disorders. Further studies are warranted to prove the utility of the new model and the underlying brain mechanism.

keywords
Adolescence, Social isolation, Chasing stress, Combined stress, Anxiety, Fear learning, Rat, 청소년기, 사회적 고립, 추적 스트레스, 복합 스트레스, 불안, 공포학습, 쥐

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