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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.32 No.1

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단서-의도 간 연합 강도와 단서 출현 빈도가 미래계획기억 수행에 미치는 효과

The Effects of Cue-Intention Association and Target Frequency on Prospective Memory Performance

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2020, v.32 no.1, pp.55-67
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2020.32.1.004
장미숙 (가톨릭대학교)
박영신 (가톨릭대학교)
김기중 (가톨릭대학교)
장미숙, 박영신, & 김기중. (2020). 단서-의도 간 연합 강도와 단서 출현 빈도가 미래계획기억 수행에 미치는 효과. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 32(1), 55-67, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2020.32.1.004

초록

본 연구는 단서-의도 간 연합 강도와 단서 출현 빈도가 미래계획기억(prospective memory) 수행에 미치는 효과를 탐색하고자 계획되었다. 총 230명의 대학생 참가자가 사건-기반 미래계획기억 패러다임을 사용한 두 개의 실험에 참여하였다. 단서-의도 간 연합 강도는 지시단계에서 제공되었던 PM 목표단어들의 일부를 교체하는 방식으로 참가자 내 변인으로 조작되었다. 단서 출현 빈도는 동시과제가 진행되는 동안 목표단어들이 제시되는 횟수를 통해 참가자 간 변인으로 조작되었으며, 목표단어들은 한 번 제시되거나 세 번 제시되었다. 두 실험 결과들은 모두 동일하게 나타났다. 먼저 단서-의도 간 연합 강도가 약한 조건보다 강한 조건에서 PM 정확률이 높았다. 단서 출현 빈도의 결과는 연합 강도 조건에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 단서-의도 간 연합 강도가 약한 조건에서는 단서가 반복 제시되면 PM 정확률이 높아진 반면, 연합 강도가 강한 조건에서는 단서 반복 제시 조건에 따라 PM 정확률에 차이가 없었다. 본 실험 결과는 부호화 단계에서 단서-의도 간 강한 연합이 PM을 성공적으로 수행하는 데 중요한 요인이며, 부호화 시에 단서-의도 간 연합 강도가 약하더라도 과제를 수행하는 동안 단서가 반복 제시되면 PM 수행을 개선시킬 수 있는 가능성을 시사하였다. PM을 수행하는 과정에서 단서에 대한 자발적 인출 과정이 PM 수행에 미칠 수 있는 효과에 대한 이론적 논의가 제안되었다.

keywords
미래계획기억, 단서-의도 간 연합 강도, 단서 출현빈도, 자발적 인출, prospective memory, cue-intention association, target frequency, spontaneous retrieval

Abstract

The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of cue-intention association and target frequency on prospective memory performance. Total 230 undergraduates participated in two experiments administered with EBPM paradigm. The association between cue-intention was manipulated within subjects by altering half of target words. The frequency of target presentation was manipulated between subjects. Half of participants were randomly assigned in 3 times presentation condition and the other half of participants were in one time condition. Results of two experiment remained steady. Participants showed higher accurate response rates with strongly associated cue-intention target words than with weak targets. There was a two way interaction between cue-intention association and target frequency. In weakly associated cue-target condition, participants performed better with 3 times target presentation than with just one time presentation. When the association was weak, no difference was observed between frequency conditions. These findings suggest that the repetition of target appearance can simply improve prospective memory performance even though the association between cue-intention was poor formed at encoding phase. Theoretical implications were also discussed with respect to spontaneous retrieval in prospective memory.

keywords
미래계획기억, 단서-의도 간 연합 강도, 단서 출현빈도, 자발적 인출, prospective memory, cue-intention association, target frequency, spontaneous retrieval

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