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Vol.32 No.2

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The P300-Based, Complex Trial Protocol for Guilty Knowledge Test Using Sentences: P900 Component Related to Countermeasure Use

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2020, v.32 no.2, pp.145-160
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2020.32.2.002


& (2020). The P300-Based, Complex Trial Protocol for Guilty Knowledge Test Using Sentences: P900 Component Related to Countermeasure Use. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 32(2), 145-160, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2020.32.2.002

Abstract

The Complex Trial Protocol (CTP) presents the implicit probe-irrelevant recognition task first and the explicit target-nontarget discrimination task followed the next in each trial. It is also known to be resistant to countermeasure, which is an effort that individual made in order to defeat a polygraph test. This study investigated the possibility of detecting guilty knowledge in the P300-based, CTP for Guilty Knowledge Test (GKT) using Korean sentences when guilty subjects use countermeasures. The effect of countermeasure use on P900 at Fz and Cz, which is recently found to be an indicator of countermeasure use, was also examined in this study. Simple guilty group (n=15) and countermeasure group (n=15) performed a mock crime scenario that included stealing and ripping off a certain mail, whereas innocent group (n=15) was simply instructed to make a list of mails. The sentence stimuli used in this study were presented in subject-object-predicate (verb) order, in which the object containing where the stolen mail came from changed depending on stimuli types (probe and irrelevants), while the predicate (verb) did not. Simple guilty group showed larger P300 amplitude to probe for object element than to the irrelevant in the parietal region as compared with the other two groups. Probe for predicate (verb) element in simple guilty and countermeasure groups elicited larger P300 amplitude than irrelevants in the frontal area; however, innocent group did not show such result. For P900 component, countermeasure group showed larger P900 amplitude to probe for predicate (verb) element in the frontal region as compared with irrelevants. The finding indicates that, due to the use of countermeasures, the guilty knowledge in countermeasure group is less likely to be detected with P300 component in object element; however, with P300 and P900 components found in predicate (verb) element in countermeasure group, it is possible to detect the guilty knowledge and the countermeasure use respectively.

keywords
사건관련전위, 유죄지식검사, P300, 복합 시행 프로토콜, 대응책, P900, event-related potentials, guilty knowledge test, concealed information test, P300, complex trial protocol, countermeasure, P900

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