Effects of Levels of Attention upon Implicit and Explicit Memory

Park, Tae-Jin; 박태진

Abstract

Two experiments investigated the possibility that memory for words is dependent on levels of attention of those words, In a study phase of Experiment 1, subjects first viewed pairs of words and were required to name one cued word and ignore other uncued word in each pair. The exposure duration of each pair was 250, 500, or I000msec. Recognition, perceptual contrast, or perceptual identification test was administered in a test phase, For cued words, irrespective of exposure duration, same amount of retention was observed in each of the memory tests. But for uncued words, the results were different among memory tests, Memory on recognition and perceptual identification was observed only at longer exposure duration, but memory on perceptual contrast was observed even at shorter exposure duration. In a study phase of Experiment 2, subjects first viewed one or two digits as a memory set and then four digits with a word. Subjecas were required to do digit-search only(non-attention condition) or see a word concurrently. More processing capacity was required when memory set size was two (high-difficulty condition) than one(tow-difficulty condition). Memory on recognition was observed only at low-difficulty condition and memory on perceptual identification was observed at low- and high-difficulty condition but not observed at non-attention condition. But Memory on perceptual contrast was observed even at non-attention condition, These findings, especially at perceptual contrast test, suggest that implicit memory is not dependent on levels of attention of words in the study phase.

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Article Contents

Vol.5

Effects of Levels of Attention upon Implicit and Explicit Memory

Abstract

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology