ISSN : 1226-9654
Sanford 등(1979)은 대용어 이전의 맥락을 조작하고 범주단어와 실례단어를 대용어로 하는 문장의 읽기시간을 비교함으로서 대용어 이전 맥락에 의해 예화과정이 유도될수 있음을 보이고자 하였으나 실패하였다. 본 연구에서는 이들의 실패가 맥락조작 상의 오루때문임을 밝히고 맥락에 의해 촉진되는 범주어의 예화표상이 일어날 수 있음을 검증하고자 하였다. 어휘판단 과제를 사용한 실험 1, 2를 통하여 Sanford 등의 실험에서 맥락조작이 서로 다른 상황모형을 형성하게한 맥락조작의 부적절성에 기인했었음을 입증하였다. 실험3에서는 이러한 결과를 토대로 상황모형의 차이효과를 배제하여 맥락효과에 의한 예화과정을 보였으며, 실험4에서는 맥락일치성이 예화과정에 미치는 촉진효과를 검증하였다.
Sanford, Garrod & Bell(1979) varied the context biases prior to the anaphora sentences and compared the reading time for the general-term anaphora sentences with that for the instance-anaphora sentences. The hypothesis predicts a significant interaction between context biases and the types of anaphoras, but the results failed to confirm this prediction. The present study was conducted to test whether their results had been due to some insufficiences in producing relevant context biases. In this study it was predicted that with relevant and sufficient context biasing instantiation of general-term can be obtained. In experiment 1 and 2, using Lexical Decision Task, an interaction between context biases and types of anaphoras was obtained. This result suggests that Sanford et al's results were due to the difference in situation models generated by the context in the sentences prior to the target sentences with anaphoric subjects. In experiment 3, when the difference due to these situational models was controlled out, a significant interaction between contexts and the types of anaphora was obtained, which supports the instantiation hypotheses, In experiment 4, it was found that the consistency between the context bias prior to the anaphora sentences and in the anaphora sentences facilitates the processing of instantiation.