ISSN : 1226-9654
DRM 패러다임에서 발생하는 오기억 현상에 미치는 정서의 효과를 알아보기 위해 재인 과제(실험 1)와 쏘스 확인 과제(실험 2)를 사용하여 실험하였다. 학습 단계에서 제시되는 8개 목록 중 4목록은 중성적인 유인 단어들과 연합된 단어들로 구성된 목록들이었고 나머지 4목록은 부적 정서 유인 단어들과 연합된 단어들로 구성되었다. 재인 과제에서 실험 참가자들은 정서 목록과 중성 목록에 대해, 학습 단계에서 제시되었던 것인지의 여부를 판단해야 했다. 쏘스 확인과제에서 실험 참가자들은 동일한 목록에 대해, 학습 단계에서 제시된 단어 항목이 가졌던 물리적인 속성(쏘스: 단어를 채색했던 색깔이나 목소리의 성별)을 정확하게 식별해서 판단해야 했다. 재인 과제에서 정서 목록 단어들에 대한 재인율은 중성 목록 단어들 보다 높았다. 하지만, 정서 유인 단어에 대한 오 재인율은 중성 유인 단어들과 차이가 없었다. 쏘스 확인 과제에서 정서 목록 단어들에 대한 정확한 쏘스 기억율은 중성 목록 단어들에 대한 기억율 보다 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 한편, 정서 유인 단어들에 대한 쏘스 오귀인율은 중성 유인 단어들에 대한 쏘스 오귀인율 보다 높게 나타났다. 쏘스 과제에서 정서 유인 단어들에 대한 오기억이 중성 유인 단어들에 비해 더 많이 나타났다. 학습 단어와 비 학습 단어의 재인 판단 과제와 쏘스 확인 과제의 결과들을 미루어 볼 때, 정서는 목록 단어에 대해 활성화를 촉진시키고 항목 기억과 쏘스 기억을 동시에 증진시키는 반면, 유인 단어에 대해 정서는 인출 맥락에서 상이한 효과를 일으키는 듯 하다. 위 결과들에 대한 오기억과 관련한 이론적 시사점들이 논의되었다.
The effect of emotion on true and false memories using DRM paradigm was investigated in two experiments with old-new recognition test(experiment 1) and with source identification task(experiment 2). In 8 lists which were presented in the study phase, half of the list items consisted of words associated with emotionally charged critical lures and the rest of them were with non-emotional critical lures. In experiment 1, participants were asked to recognize if each of the presenting 160 stimuli contained 8 critical lure items(not presented in the study phase) and list items was old or new during recognition test. In experiment 2, participants were asked to identify and determine correctly each source of the presenting 160 stimuli included 8 critical lure items and 80 list items in the source identification test. In recognition test, Emotional valence had positive effects on true recognition. There was no-emotion related difference between emotional lure items and non-emotional lure items in false recognition. On the contrary, in source identification test, source memory about emotional list items was observed at higher level than neutral list items. However, the performance of source identification about emotional lure items were poorer than neutral lure items, which implies that false memory on emotional lures occurred more than on neutral lures during source identification. The results in two experiments suggested that emotional valence facilitated the extent of the activation and had positive effects on true memories. On the contrary, emotion affects to false memories with the various way across retrieval context. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
박영신, (2003) 오기억을 산출하는 단어 목록 규준 , 가톨릭대학교 사회과학 연구소 간행
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