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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.19 No.2

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The Effect of Warnings on False Memories with Repeated Study-Test DRM Paradigm in Young and Old Adults

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2007, v.19 no.2, pp.113-125
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.2.002


& (2007). The Effect of Warnings on False Memories with Repeated Study-Test DRM Paradigm in Young and Old Adults. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 19(2), 113-125, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.2.002

Abstract

This study was planned to examine whether warnings and repetition could reduce false memories in young and old adults. Participants were 36 young and 36 old adults. Four DRM lists composed of 15 associate words each were used. They were asked to recall the words aurally presented in the 4 consecutive DRM lists, and this kind of trials were repeated 4 times. Each Half of young and old adults were given explicit warnings about the possibility of false memories and were asked to avoid recalling any associated but not-presented words (i.e., critical lure) in the DRM lists at the start of the experiment. To the other halves were no warnings given. The result was that correct memories increased with repetition, but warnings had little effect in young and old adults. However, false memories were reduced by warnings in both age groups, and repetition had a decreasing effect on false memories of young group, but not on false memories of old group. That is, only warnings but no repetition had an effect on false memories of old adults. This suggests that they could not give full attention to lexical traces of presented words or they might have difficulty in monitoring source of words in memory.

keywords
오기억, DRM목록, 연상단어, 유인어, 경고, false memory, DRM paradigm, associates, critical lure, warnings

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