바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

ISSN : 1226-9654

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.19 No.4

Citation Share

The Semantic Priming Effects of Young and Older Adults in Korean Word Recognition

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2007, v.19 no.4, pp.279-297
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.4.002


& (2007). The Semantic Priming Effects of Young and Older Adults in Korean Word Recognition. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 19(4), 279-297, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2007.19.4.002

Abstract

This study examined how aging changes the way of using context informations in reading, by comparing the semantic priming effects of young and older adults. Young and older adults participated in the lexical decision task of Hangul words. Prime words, semantically related or unrelated to target words, were selected to measure the priming effects. The duration of prime words(SOA) was manipulated as 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 ms to identify the time course of priming effects in two age groups. The lexical decision latency was longer for the olds than younger adults. The time when priming has begun was also late by ages. However, the maximum size of the semantic priming effects was not different between the two age groups. For the shorter SOA conditions, the elderly showed smaller priming effects than the young adults. But there are no age-related differences in the size of the priming effects when the available time is sufficient as much as the longer SOA conditions. Our results suggest that although the speed of using informations about the semantic relations is delayed in older adults, the ability to apply informations is kept efficient in the elderly as well as the young adults.

keywords
aging, semantic priming effect, Korean word recognition, reading, older adult, young adult, 노화, 의미점화효과, 한글단어재인, 읽기, 노인, 청년

Reference

1.

고선규, 권정혜 (2006). 노인의 기억 신념, 인지활동 및 기억 수행의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 25(3), 747-764.

2.

권효원, 김선경, 이혜원 (2006). 한글단어재인에서 단어빈도와 의미점화효과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 18(3), 203-220.

3.

김정오, 이관용, 조증열 (1984). 한글단어의 의미정보처리. 한국심리학회지, 4, 185-200.

4.

김정오, 한우석 (1993). 단어지각에 있어서 심성부호의 형성과 주의의 역할. 한국심리학회지: 실험 및 인지, 5, 56-82.

5.

박권생 (1999). 단어의 의미 파악에 음운부호의 개입이 필수적인가? 한국심리학회지: 실험 및 인지, 11(1), 17-28.

6.

박민, 진영선 (2002). 청년과 노인의 암묵기억 과제 수행에서의 연령차. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 14(4), 19-36.

7.

박태진 (2004a). 노화의 인지신경기전. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16(3), 317-336.

8.

박태진 (2004b). 한국어 단어의 연상 빈도 및 심상가 조사. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16(2), 237-260.

9.

연세대학교 언어정보개발연구원 (1998). 현대 한국어의 어휘빈도. 연세대학교 언어정보개발연구원 보고서. CLID-WP-98-02-28.

10.

이종형 (2003). 정상적 노화에 있어서 단서속성과 과제유형이 미래기억수행에 미치는 효과. 한국노년학, 23(4), 49-65.

11.

이혜원 (2004). 한글읽기에서 시각질이 빈약한 단어의 재인에 미치는 맥락의 영향. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 16(4), 467-482.

12.

정혜선 (2004). 노화가 학습 능력에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 13(4), 435- 450.

13.

정혜선, 편지영 (2005). 대학생, 중년, 노인 집단의 이야기에 대한 기억과 해석. 한국심리학회지: 실험, 17(4), 509-527.

14.

Akutsu, H., Legge, G, E., Ross, J. A., & Schubel, K. (1991). Psychophysics of reading. Ⅹ. Effects of age related changes in vision. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 46, 325-331.

15.

Anderson, N. D., & Craik, F. I. M. (2000). Memory in the aging brain. In. E. Tulving & F. I. M. Craik (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of memory (pp. 411-425). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

16.

Balota, D. A., & Duchek, J. M. (1988). Age- related differences in lexical access, spreading activation, and simple pronunciation. Psychology and Aging. 3(1), 84-93.

17.

Burke, D. M., & Peters, L. (1986). Word associations in old age: Evidence for consistency in semantic encoding during adulthood. Psychology and Aging, 1, 283-292.

18.

Chung, S. T. L., Mansfield, J. S., & Legge, G. E. (1998). Psychophysics of reading. ⅩⅤⅢ. The effect of print size on reading speed in normal peripheral vision. Vision Research, 38, 2949-2962.

19.

Craik, F. I. M. (1986). A functional account of age differences in memory. In F. Klix & H. Hagendorf (Eds.), Human memory and cognitive capabilities(pp.409-422). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

20.

Craik, F. I. M., & Byrd, M. (1982). Aging and cognitive deficits: The role of attentional resources. In F. I. M. Craik & S. Trehub (Eds.), Aging and cognitive process (pp. 191-211). New York: Plenum.

21.

Davenport, J., &　Potter, M. C. (2005). The locus of semantic priming in RSVP target search. Memory & Cognition, 33(2), 241-248.

22.

Faubert, J. (2002). Visual perception and aging. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 56(3), 164-176.

23.

Federmeier, K. D., & Kutas, M. (2005). Aging in context: Age-related changes in context use during language comprehension. Psychophysiology, 42, 133-141.

24.

Fine, E. M., & Peli, E. (1996). The role of context in reading with central field loss. Optometry and Vision Science, 73(8), 533-539.

25.

Howard, D. V., Shaw, R. J., & Heisey, J. G. (1986). Aging and the time course of semantic activation. Journal of Gerontology, 41(2), 195-203.

26.

Humes, L. E., & Floyd, S. S. (2005). Measures of working memory, sequence learning, and speech recognition in the elderly. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 48, 224-235.

27.

Lee, H.-W., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. (1999). The time course of phonological, semantic, and orthographic coding in reading: Evidence from the fast priming technique. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6, 624-634.

28.

Lovelace, E. A., & Cooley, S. (1982). Free associations of older adults to single words and conceptually related word triads. Journal of Gerontology, 37, 432-437.

29.

Madden, D. J., Turkington, T. G., Provenzale, J. M., Denny, L. L., Langley, L. K., Hawk, T. C., & Coleman, R. E. (2002). Aging and attentional guidance during visual search: Functional neuroanatomy by positron emission tomography. Psychology and Aging, 17, 24-43.

30.

Park, D. C., Lautenschlager, G., Hedden, T., Davidson, N., Smith, A. D., & Smith, P. (2002). Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychology and Aging, 17(2), 299-320.

31.

Perea, M., &　Rosa, E. (2002). The effects of associative and semantic priming in the lexical decision task. Psychological Research, 66, 180-194.

32.

Salthouse, T. A. (2004). What and when of cognitive aging. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13, 140-144.

33.

Sass, S. M., Legge, G. E., & Lee, H.-W. (2006). Low-vision reading speed: influence of linguistic inference and aging. Optometry and Vision Science, 83(3), 166-177.

34.

Scialfa, C. T. & Margolis, R. B. (1986). Age differences in the commonality of free associations. Experimental Aging Research, 12, 95-98.

35.

Sereno, S. C. (1995). Resolution of lexical ambiguity: Evidence from an eye movement priming paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 21(3), 582-595.

36.

Sereno, S. C., & Rayner, K. (1992). Fast priming during eye fixations in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 173-184.

37.

Speranza, F., Daneman, M., & Schneider, B. A. (2000). How aging affects the reading of words in noisy backgrounds. Psychology and Aging, 15(2), 253-258.

38.

Spieler, D. H., & Balota, D. A. (2000). Factors influencing word naming in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 15(2), 225-231.

39.

Stanovich, K. E., & West, R. F. (1983). On priming by a sentence context. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 112, 1-36.

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy