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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.22 No.2

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우리글 읽기에서 본 단어 습득연령 효과: 안구운동 추적 연구

The effect of age of acquisition on fixation durations in Korean reading: An eye tracking study

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2010, v.22 no.2, pp.129-142
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2010.22.2.001
윤소정 (서울대학교)
고성룡 (서울대학교)
윤소정, & 고성룡. (2010). 우리글 읽기에서 본 단어 습득연령 효과: 안구운동 추적 연구. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 22(2), 129-142, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2010.22.2.001

초록

이 연구에서는 자연스러운 우리글 읽기에서 단어의 습득연령 효과를 살펴보았다. 습득연령에 관한 입장은 연령 효과가 빈도로 모두 설명된다고 주장하는 입장과 그렇지 않다는 입장이 있다. 전자를 대표하는 Zevin과 Seidenberg(2002, 2004)는 습득연령이 빈도와는 독립적인 요인이라는 근거를 제시한 연구들이 빈도를 통제할 때 어린 시절에 쓰인 빈도를 포함한 누적 빈도를 쓰지 않았다는 점을 지적하면서 누적 빈도를 통제하면 습득연령 효과가 사라진다고 주장하였다. 우리말에는 누적 빈도 자료가 없기 때문에 이 연구에서는 누적 빈도에 가까우리라 판단되는 주관적 빈도를 이용하여 자연스런 우리글 읽기에서 습득연령 효과가 나타나는지 안구운동 추적으로 살펴보았다. 주관적 빈도를 통제하고 습득연령을 조작한 실험 1에서는 단일 고정 시간(눈이 어절에 단 한 번 고정했을 때의 고정시간), 첫 고정 시간(눈이 어절에서 처음 머문 고정의 고정시간), 주시 시간(눈이 어절에 머물기 시작한 때부터 어절을 벗어날 때까지 이루어진 고정들의 시간 합)에서 습득연령 효과가 관찰되었으나, 습득연령을 통제하고 주관적 빈도를 조작한 실험 2에서는 단일 고정 시간, 첫 고정 시간, 주시 시간에서 빈도 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 이 연구 결과는 습득연령이 단어재인에 중요한 변인임을 보여주며, 또한 빈도와는 독립적인 변인일 가능성을 시사한다.

keywords
Age of acquisition, Korean, cumulative frequency, eye movement, 습득연령, 한국어, 누적빈도, 안구운동

Abstract

This study investigated the influence of age of acquisition(AoA) on skilled reading using eyetracking. Although many studies have suggested that AoA would affect the performance of skilled readers, the issue of AoA in reading has been a controversial and much disputed subject within the field of psycholinguistics. Zevin & Seidenberg(2002, 2004) have presented an important methodological critique of previous studies of AoA effects. They argued that previous studies would have not found AoA effects if cumulative frequency had been controlled adequately. The main issue addressed in this paper is whether AoA effect would be found when subjective frequency, which is assumed to replace cumulative frequency, is controlled. In Experiment 1, participants read sentences with early and late acquired words controlled on SF. Single fixation duration, first fixation duration, and gaze duration of early acquired words were shorter than those of late acquired words. In Experiment 2, other participants also read sentences with high and low frequency words controlled on AoA. There was no frequency effect for single fixation duration, first fixation duration, and gaze duration. Results from these two experiments demonstrate that AoA affects eye fixation durations during sentence reading.

keywords
Age of acquisition, Korean, cumulative frequency, eye movement, 습득연령, 한국어, 누적빈도, 안구운동

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