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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.24 No.2

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시각작업기억에 표상된 시공간적 맥락 정보가 변화탐지 과정에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Spatio-Temporal Contextual Information in Visual Working Memory on Change Detection Process

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2012, v.24 no.2, pp.167-189
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2012.24.2.005
장준하 (중앙대학교)
현주석 (중앙대학교)
장준하, & 현주석. (2012). 시각작업기억에 표상된 시공간적 맥락 정보가 변화탐지 과정에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 24(2), 167-189, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2012.24.2.005

초록

본 연구는 시각작업기억의 통합적 표상 가설(Luck & Vogel, 1997)에 근거해 시각작업기억에 표상된 시간적․공간적 맥락 정보가 변화탐지 수행에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 공간적으로 집단화가 용이한 고정적 위치 혹은 그렇지 않은 무선적 위치에 기억항목들을 제시하였다. 또한 기억이 요구된 두 집단의 모든 항목에 대해 무차별적인 변화탐지(전체탐사)를 요구하거나 특정 집단의 기억항목들에 국한해 변화탐지를 요구함(부분탐사)으로서 기억항목들의 시공간적 맥락 정보에 대한 선택 요구가 변화탐지 정확도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한 기억항목들이 속한 두 집단을 기준으로 어떤 집단에서 변화가 발생했는지를 보고하도록 요구함으로써 위치 맥락 정보의 정확성 또한 조사하였다. 그 결과 고정위치 조건에서 전체탐사를 요구한 경우 무선위치 조건보다 상대적으로 변화탐지가 정확했고 부분탐사가 요구된 경우에만 정확도가 저하된 것이 관찰되었으며, 변화가 발생한 항목에 대한 집단 범주 변별은 비교적 정확한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 시각작업기억에 비교적 정확하고 통합적으로 표상된 시공간적 정보에 대한 선택적 접근을 요구할 경우 불필요한 기억항목들의 세부특징에 대한 무차별적 인출이 초래될 수 있으며 결과적으로 기억 수행에 간섭이 야기될 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

keywords
시각작업기억, 통합적 표상, 맥락정보, 선택적 접근, visual working memory, integrated representation, contextual information, selective access

Abstract

According to the hypothesis of integrated representations in visual working memory (VWM; Luck & Vogel, 1997), the present study tested if spatio-temporal contextual information in VWM can affect change detection performance. In Experiments, sample items were displayed either at fixed positions that would be easily organized into two distinctive groups or otherwise at random positions that would be difficult for such spatial organization. For the purpose of examining how the selection demand on the spatio-temporal information of the sample items affect change detection accuracy, the test items were displayed in a way that either every sample items (e.g., whole probe) or only a subset of the sample (e.g., partial probe) were displayed. We also examined the accuracy of participants’ responses when determining the membership of a change across two separate groups of test items. We found that change detection was more accurate in the fixed-position condition than the random-position condition except relatively lower accuracy under the partial probe, and the membership determination responses were fairly accurate. The results indicate that the selective access to spatio-temporal information that are accurately represented in VWM in an integrated fashion can lead to indiscriminate retrieval of memory items and consequently can cause a potential interference against VWM performance.

keywords
시각작업기억, 통합적 표상, 맥락정보, 선택적 접근, visual working memory, integrated representation, contextual information, selective access

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