- P-ISSN1226-9654
- E-ISSN2733-466X
- KCI
얼굴표정 자극에 대한 아동의 안면모방과 정서공감간의 관계
Children's Facial Mimicry to Dynamic Emotional Facial Expressions and Their Emotional Empathy
손정우 (충북대학교)
엄진섭 (충북대학교)
정명숙 (꽃동네대학교)
박민 (나사렛대학교)
박영옥 (충북대학교)
천영운 (충북대학교)
문은옥 (충북대학교)
초록
공감의 정서적 측면인 정서공감은 상대방의 표정을 모방함으로써 동일한 정서를 경험하게 되는 정서전염이라는 정의에 근거하여, 본 연구에서는 얼굴표정을 보고 있는 관찰자의 안면근육반응이 정서전염 정도 및 공감척도 점수와 관련되는지 연구하였다. 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 아동 25명이 연구에 참가하였다. 기쁜 표정을 짓는 동영상과 슬픈 표정을 짓는 동영상을 볼 때의 추미근과 대협골근의 근전도(EMG)와 심박을 측정하였으며, 동영상을 볼 때 어떤 정서를 경험했는지 질문하였다. 또 IRI척도, 한국어판 자기보고형 EQ-C 척도 및 Bryant척도를 사용하여 공감능력을 평가하였다. 기쁜 표정 동영상에서는 웃을 때 수축하는 대협골근 반응이 증가하였으나 슬플 때 수축하는 추미근 반응은 슬픈 표정 동영상에서 증가하지 않았다. 대협골근 반응이 슬픈 표정보다 기쁜 표정 동영상에서 더 큰 정도와 추미근 반응이 기쁜 표정보다 슬픈 표정 동영상에서 더 큰 정도인 안면모방 정도는 정서전염과 정적 상관의 경향을 보였다. 또 대협골근 반응이 슬픈 표정보다 기쁜 표정 동영상에서 더 큰 정도는 세 가지 공감척도의 정서공감 하위요인 점수와 정적상관을 보였으나 추미근 반응은 정서공감과 일관된 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 상대방의 표정을 모방하는 안면모방이 정서전염과 정서공감의 기제임을 시사한다.
- keywords
- 정서공감, 정서전염, 얼굴표정, 안면모방, 안면 근전도(EMG), 추미근, 대협골근, emotional empathy, emotional contagion, facial expression, facial mimicry, facial electromyography(EMG), corrugator supercilii, zygomaticus major
Abstract
Based on the assumption that emotional contagion by facial mimicry is a key factor in emotional empathy, this study examined whether facial mimicry was related to emotional contagion and emotional empathy. Twenty-five 4th to 6th graders were participated. Facial electromyographic (EMG) activity in the zygomaticus major and corrugator supercilii muscle regions and heart rate activity were studied during exposure to dynamic happy and sad expressions. Emotional contagion was measured by asking children to report their emotional states while they were looking at the dynamic expressions. Emotional empathy was assessed by the emotional empathy subscales of self-report questionnaires for children; IRI, BEI and EQ-C. The zygomaticus muscle activity was increased to happy expressions, but the corrugator muscle activity was not increased above the significance level to sad expressions. Differences in mean muscle activity at the zygomaticus major between exposure to happy and sad expressions correlated positively with emotional contagion and the emotional empathy subscale scores. In contrast, the correlations between the differences in mean muscle activity at the corrugator and the emotional empathy subscale scores were not consistent. The present results suggest that the facial mimicry is a key component in the process of emotional empathy
- keywords
- 정서공감, 정서전염, 얼굴표정, 안면모방, 안면 근전도(EMG), 추미근, 대협골근, emotional empathy, emotional contagion, facial expression, facial mimicry, facial electromyography(EMG), corrugator supercilii, zygomaticus major
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