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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.28 No.2

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과제전환에서 인지양식에 따른 인지적 유연성의 개인차

Individual Differences in Cognitive Flexibility during Task Switching According to Cognitive Style

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2016, v.28 no.2, pp.241-252
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.2.002
오윤경 (경북대학교 심리학과)
김초복 (경북대학교)
오윤경, & 김초복. (2016). 과제전환에서 인지양식에 따른 인지적 유연성의 개인차. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 28(2), 241-252, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.2.002

초록

최근 색상-단어 스트룹 과제를 이용한 연구에서 인지적 통제 과정에 대상-공간-언어 인지양식이 중요한 개인차로 작용하는 것이 보고되었다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 동일한 인지양식이 두 과제들 간 전환 과정에 관여하는가를 확인하고자 하였다. 또한 과제전환 시 과제세트 재구성에 관여하는지, 혹은 과제세트 억제에 관여하는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 대상과제와 언어과제를 포함하는 과제전환 패러다임을 구성하였으며 한국판 대상-공간-언어 인지양식 선호점수를 참가자들로부터 측정하였다. 과제별 전환비용과 인지양식 선호점수의 관계를 확인한 결과, 언어양식을 선호할수록 대상과제에서 언어과제로의 전환비용이 감소되는 반면, 대상양식의 선호는 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 과제세트 재구성의 관점에서 논의하였다.

keywords
과제전환, 인지양식, 과제세트 재구성, task switching, cognitive style, task-set reconfiguration

Abstract

A recent study employing the color-word Stroop task found that object-spatial-verbal cognitive style is closely associated with individual differences in cognitive control processes. Based on these findings, the current study sought to examine whether the same cognitive style is involved in task switching processes between two tasks. Further, we sought to investigate whether it is involved in task-set reconfiguration or task-set inhibition during switching. In doing so, a task switching paradigm including object and verbal tasks was constructed and cognitive style preference scores of the Korean version of the object-spatial imagery and verbal questionnaire were obtained from the participants. The results of the relationship between the switch cost for each task and preference scores for the cognitive style showed that greater verbal style preference was closely related with the lower verbal switch cost whereas the relationship between object style preference and the switch cost was absent. These results were discussed based on task-set reconfiguration.

keywords
과제전환, 인지양식, 과제세트 재구성, task switching, cognitive style, task-set reconfiguration

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