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Vol.28 No.3

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Effect of anxiety levels and processing levels on memory bias for emotional stimuli

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2016, v.28 no.3, pp.479-493
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.3.005




& (2016). Effect of anxiety levels and processing levels on memory bias for emotional stimuli. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 28(3), 479-493, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.3.005

Abstract

On the relation between anxiety and memory, past studies using implicit memory tasks reported memory bias for emotional (threat) stimuli regardless of anxiety levels. However, the results from studies using explicit memory tasks are not converging. The present study investigated how memory bias for emotional stimuli in conscious level would be manifested depending on anxiety level, in addition to the past theory arguing the memory bias is originated by automatic processing. We classified our participants into four groups according to anxiety level (high/low) and processing level (perceptual/semantic) and administerd free recall test for two types of stimuli (threatening/neutral). Low-anxiety group exhibited memory bias for threatening stimuli only in the semantic processing condition. On the other hand, high anxiety group showed memory bias for threatening stimuli in both perceptual and semantic processing conditions. These results not only confirm the previous theory of memory bias for emotional stimuli by automatic processing, but also show memory bias can be measured in explicit processing, and suggest that these two mechanisms could work in different way depending on anxiety levels.

keywords
불안, 외현기억, 기억편향, 처리수준, 정서자극, anxiety, explicit memory, memory bias, level of processing, emotional stimuli

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