- 권한신청
- P-ISSN1226-9654
- E-ISSN2733-466X
- KCI
무의식적 내인성 주의
Unconscious Endogenous Attention
김민식 (연세대학교)
초록
의식하 수준으로 제시된 중심 단서의 예측력은 내인성 주의 유도에 영향을 주는가? 본 연구는 시각 단서 과제에서 중심 단서 유무에 대한 하향적 사전 지식을 갖지 못하도록 통제한 뒤, 위의 질문에 대답하려 하였다. Posner(1980)의 중심 단서 패러다임을 사용하여 내인성 주의를 조작하였으며, 중심 단서를 의식하(subliminal) 수준으로 제시하기 위하여 연속영상인식억제(CFS, Continuous Flash Suppression, Tsuchiya & Koch, 2005) 기법을 사용하였다. 실험 1에서는 예측력이 높은 중심 단서를 의식하로 제시하여 내인성 단서 효과를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 참가자들은 중심 단서의 제시 유무를 전혀 알지 못했음에도 불구하고 단서 효과를 보였다. 즉, 의식적으로 지각할 수 없음에도 불구하고, 중심 단서가 표적을 가리키는 조건에서의 반응 시간이 그렇지 않은 조건에 비해 통계적으로 유의미하게 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 실험 2에서는 예측력이 없는 중심 단서를 의식하 수준으로 제시한 집단과 의식상(supraliminal) 수준으로 제시한 집단으로 나누어 내인성 단서 효과를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 의식상 조건에서는 단서 효과가 관찰된 반면, 의식하 조건에서는 단서 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 무의식적으로도 내인성 주의가 작동할 수 있으며, 무의식적 주의 통제가 단서의 예측력에 따라 다른 방식으로 작동될 수 있음을 시사한다.
- keywords
- unconsciousness, endogenous attention, subliminal cue, CFS, 무의식, 내인성 주의, 의식하 단서, CFS
Abstract
The current study investigated whether the predictability of the central cue would influence endogenous attention without being perceived and aware of. We used Posner’s cueing paradigm (1980) with central cues, which were subliminally presented through CFS(Continuous Flash Suppression, Tsuchiya & Koch, 2005). In Experiment 1, subliminal predictive central cue was presented and participants were not told about the existence of the central cue. Results showed that the target presented on the cued location was detected more quickly with compared to the target presented on the un-cued location, even thought they were not awared of the central cues. In Experiment 2, non-predictive cue was presented subliminally or supraliminally depending on the group condition. A random half of the participants were in the subliminal cue group, or consciously not perceived the cue. The remainder was assigned to supraliminal cue group, and they could consciously perceived the cue. Results showed that the cueing effect of the non-predictive cue was not observed in the subliminal cue group, whereas it was only reported in the supraliminal cue group. It could be inferred from these results that endogenous attention could work without conscious awareness, and it could be determined by the predictability of the subliminal cue.
- keywords
- unconsciousness, endogenous attention, subliminal cue, CFS, 무의식, 내인성 주의, 의식하 단서, CFS
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