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Predictability effects Modulated by Age during Sentence Reading: An Eye-tracking Study

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2019, v.31 no.1, pp.17-38
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2019.31.1.002


Abstract

This study investigated how a predictability effect could be modulated by age during Korean reading. In Experiment 1, the predictability effect was examined for young adults only. Sixty target words were selected, and there existed two levels (predictable/unpredictable) of the predictability variable. We monitored readers’ eye movements during reading. As a result, there was a significant effect of the word predictability on early reading measures and total time. Based on the results of the Experiment 1, it was confirmed that the predictability effect was also observed when reading Korean sentences. We used same sentences in Experiment 2 to compare the predictability effect of younger and older adults. The main effects of age were significant in almost all eye-movement measures, and predictability effects were statistically significant in gaze duration and total time. Notably, the interaction between age variable (young/old) and predictability variable (predictable/unpredictable) was significant in skipping rates and late reading measures. These results suggest that the word predictability be a crucial factor during reading regardless of age, and that younger and older adults’ reading might be qualitatively different.

keywords
predictability, older adults, age effect, literacy, eye movement, 예측성, 노인, 나이 효과, 문해력, 안구운동

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