바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

ISSN : 1226-9654

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.28 No.4

Citation Share

The effect of the valence and arousal of a word on the recognition after incidental learning

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2016, v.28 no.4, pp.683-690
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.4.005


& (2016). The effect of the valence and arousal of a word on the recognition after incidental learning. The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, 28(4), 683-690, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2016.28.4.005

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the valence and arousal on the incidental learning tasks. Participants performed either one of the perceptual identification task and lexical decision task which are different in the level of processing. Later, a series of words were displayed and participants were asked to recognize whether or not each test word was shown when they performed a task. The results showed that, regardless of the tasks performed, words with negative valence were recognized better than those with neutral valence. Also, words with higher arousal level were recognized worse than those with lower arousal level. The results indicate the differential effects of the valence and arousal on cognitive processes. The results further suggests that the inconsistent findings across previous studies might be due to the failure of dissociating the influence of stimulus’ emotional valence and arousal level.

keywords
우연학습, 정서가, 각성가, 정서단어, 재인, incidental learning, valence, arousal, emotional word, recognition

Reference

1.

Blake, T. M., Varnhagen, C. K., & Parent, M. B. (2001). Emotionally arousing pictures increase blood glucose levels and enhance recall. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 75, 262-273.

2.

Bradley, M. M., Greenwald, M. K., Petry, M. C., & Lang, P. J. (1992). Remembering pictures:pleasure and arousal in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 379-390.

3.

Brown, R., & Kulik, J. (1977). Flashbulb memories. Cognition, 5, 73-99.

4.

Christianson, S. A. (2014). The handbook of emotion and memory: Research and theory. New York, NY: Psychology Press.

5.

Craik, F. I., & Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.

6.

Drivdahl, S. B., Zaragoza, M. S., & Learned, D. M. (2009). The role of emotional elaboration in the creation of false memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 23, 13-35.

7.

Eysenck, M. (2012). Attention and arousal: Cognition and Performance. New York, NY: Springer Science & Business Media.

8.

Feldman, L. A. (1995). Valence focus and arousal focus: Individual differences in the structure of affective experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 153-166.

9.

Gomes, C. F., Brainerd, C. J., & Stein, L. M. (2013). Effects of emotional valence and arousal on recollective and nonrecollective recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39, 663-677.

10.

Heuer, F., & Reisberg, D. (1990). Vivid memories of emotional events: The accuracy of remembered minutiae. Memory & Cognition, 18, 496-506.

11.

Hong, Y. J., Nam, Y. E., & Lee, Y. H. (2016). Developing Korean affect word list and it’s application. Korean Journal of Cognitive Science, 27, 377-406.

12.

Kensinger, E. A. (2004). Remembering emotional experiences: The contribution of valence and arousal. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 15, 241-252.

13.

Kensinger, E. A. (2007). Negative emotion enhances memory accuracy behavioral and neuroimaging evidence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 213-218.

14.

Kensinger, E. A. (2009). Remembering the details:Effects of emotion. Emotion Review, 1, 99-113.

15.

Kensinger, E. A., & Corkin, S. (2003). Memory enhancement for emotional words: Are emotional words more vividly remembered than neutral words?. Memory & Cognition, 31, 1169-1180.

16.

Kensinger, E. A., & Corkin, S. (2004). Two routes to emotional memory: Distinct neural processes for valence and arousal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101, 3310-3315.

17.

Kuppens, P., Tuerlinckx, F., Russell, J. A., & Barrett, L. F. (2013). The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 917-940.

18.

Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999). International affective picture system (IAPS):Technical manual and affective ratings. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida.

19.

Levine, L. J., & Edelstein, R. S. (2009). Emotion and memory narrowing: A review and goal-relevance approach. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 833-875.

20.

Maratos, E. J., Allan, K., & Rugg, M. D. (2000). Recognition memory for emotionally negative and neutral words: An ERP study. Neuropsychologia, 38, 1452-1465.

21.

Mather, M., & Sutherland, M. R. (2011). Arousal-biased competition in perception and memory. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 114-133.

22.

Park, T. J., & Park, S. H. (2009). Emotional evaluation about IAPS in Korean university students. Korean Journal of Cognitive Science, 20, 183-195.

23.

Pillemer, D. B., Rhinehart, E. D., & White, S. H. (1986). Memories of life transitions: The first year in college. Human Learning: Journal of Practical Research & Applications, 5, 109-124.

24.

Stevenson, R. A., Mikels, J. A., & James, T. W. (2007). Characterization of the affective norms for English words by discrete emotional categories. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 1020-1024.

25.

Storbeck, J., & Clore, G. L. (2005). With sadness comes accuracy; with happiness, false memory mood and the false memory effect. Psychological Science, 16, 785-791.

26.

Xu, X., Zhao, Y., Zhao, P., & Yang, J. (2011). Effects of level of processing on emotional memory: Gist and details. Cognition and Emotion, 25, 53-72.

The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy