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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.29 No.4
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다중 신속순차제시 아래 선행 표적의 가시성이 후행 표적에 대한 주의깜박거림에 미치는 영향

The Influence of Visibility of the First Target on the Attentional Blink against the Second Target under the Multiple RSVP

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2017, v.29 no.4, pp.447-454
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2017.29.4.007
박종민 (중앙대학교)
현주석 (중앙대학교)
박종민, & 현주석. (2017). 다중 신속순차제시 아래 선행 표적의 가시성이 후행 표적에 대한 주의깜박거림에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 29(4), 447-454, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2017.29.4.007
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초록

주의깜박거림(attentional blink; 이하 AB)현상은 신속순차제시(rapid serial visual presentation; 이하 RSVP)되는 일련의 항목들 중 선행표적(T1) 출현 후 약 500ms 내에 출현한 후행표적(T2)에 대한 탐지가 저하되는 현상이다. 본 연구에서는 T1 기억공고화에 투입된 처리자원의 편중이 T2에 대한 의식적 보고를 방해한다는 병목모형을 토대로, 고정된 네 위치에 전개된 다중 RSVP 항목들 중 하나인 T1의 가시성 수준이 뒤이어 출현하는 T2에 대한 AB 강도에 미치는 영향을 조사했다. 실험 1과 2에서는, T1 고가시성 조건의 경우 검은색 표적을 사용해 회색 배경화면과 높은 명암대비를, T1 저가시성 조건의 경우 어두운 회색을 사용해 낮은 대비를 가지도록 처치했다. 특히 실험 2에서는 방해자극들의 간섭 감소를 위해 각 RSVP 화면의 네 항목들 중 무선 선택된 세 방해자극들을 “#” 문자로 교체했다. 그 결과 실험 1, 2에서 공히 T1 저가시성 조건에 비해 고가시성 조건에서 AB 강도가 저하되었다. 이 결과는 T1 가시성 증가가 T1 공고화 처리에 필요한 처리자원을 감소시켰으며 그에 따른 잉여 자원이 T2 처리 과정에 할당되었음을 시사한다.

keywords
Attentional Blink, Visibility, Contrast, Bottleneck Account, 주의깜박거림, 가시성, 명암대비, 병목모형

Abstract

Attentional blink refers to impaired identification of the second target (T2) displayed within 500ms after the first target (T1) when both the targets are embedded in a single stream of letters under rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP). According to the bottleneck account that the amount of allocated resources prioritized for T1 memory consolidation prevents a conscious report of T2’s identity, the present study examined the influence of T1 visibility on the strength of AB against T2 when both the targets were embedded in multiple RSVP streams where each stream was proceeded at one among four fixed locations. In Experiment 1 and 2, T1 in the high-visibility condition was colored in a pitch-black to create a high contrast target against the gray background whereas T1 in the low-visibility condition was colored in a dim gray for a low contrast one. Specifically in Experiment 2, three randomly-selected distractors in each RSVP frame were replaced with a ‘#’ sign to minimize any distractor interference. The results of both experiments showed that AB in T1 high-visibility condition was less strong than T1 low-visibility condition. These suggest that enhanced T1 visibility reduced the amount of allocated resources for T1 memory consolidation, subsequently leading to allocation of extra processing resources to T2 identification.

keywords
Attentional Blink, Visibility, Contrast, Bottleneck Account, 주의깜박거림, 가시성, 명암대비, 병목모형

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