Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues
- Log In/Sign Up
- P-ISSN1229-0661
- E-ISSN1229-0661
- KCI
The Objective and Perceived Level of Economy and Its Relationship with Mother's Mental Health, Parenting Behaviors, and Problem Behaviors in Preschoolers
Abstract
This study investigated the objective and perceived level of economy and its relationship with mother's mental health, parenting behaviors, and problem behaviors in preschoolers. Data drawn from mothers and teachers of 238 preschoolers, ages 3-5, were used. Using the objective and perceived level of economy, subjects were classified into four groups. Individuals categorized as high by objective and perceived level of economy, low by objective and perceived level of economy, high by objective and low by perceived level of economy, and low by objective and high by perceived level of economy were categorized as in-agreement/high group, in-agreement/low group, over-estimator group, and under-estimator group, respectively. To investigate the difference between groups, one-way ANOVAs and post-hoc analyses were used. The results showed that in-agreement/low group and under-estimator group showed greater depression and anxiety than in-agreement/high group and over-estimator group. In addition, in-agreement/high group and over-estimator group showed greater affective parenting behaviors and lower aggressive parenting behaviors than in-agreement/low group and under-estimator group. In terms of internalizing problem behavior by mother, in-agreement/high group and over-estimator group were lower than under-estimator group. In terms of externalizing problem behavior by mother, in-agreement/high group was lower than under-estimator group. However, in terms of internalizing and externalizing problem behavior by teacher, there was no difference between groups. In externalizing problem behavior by teacher, in-agreement/low group was lower than over-estimator group.
- keywords
- 실제 경제수준, 지각된 경제수준, 어머니의 정신건강, 어머니의 양육행동, 유아의 문제행동, objective level of economy, perceived level of economy, mother's depression/anxiety, parenting behavior, problem behavior in preschoolers
Reference
강지현, 오경자 (2009). 교사가 지각한 유아기 외현화 문제행동의 발달 경로-잠재성장곡선모형을 적용한 단기종단연구-. 아동학회지, 30(4), 85.
곽금주, 김정미, 유제민 (2007). 만 3세 아동에 대한 빈곤, 부모변인, 가정환경 및 아동발달과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 20(3), 83-98.
곽금주, 유제민, 김정미 (2007). 빈곤 아동에 대한 보호요인과 위험요인 탐색: 만 3세 유아를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 20(1), 1-19.
구재선, 서은국(2011). 한국인, 누가 언제 행복한가? 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 25(2), 143-166.
권석만 (2009). 긍정심리학. 학지사.
김정택 (1978). 특성 불안과 사회성과의 관계. 고려대학교 석사학위논문.
박영신, 김의철 (2009). 한국 청소년의 행복: 심리적, 관계적, 경제적 자원과 학업성취의 영향. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 15(3), 399-429.
보건복지가족부 (2009a). 한국 아동청소년 종합실태조사.
보건복지가족부 (2009b). 드림스타트 대상아동 선별도구 개발.
서유경 (2002). 빈곤아동과 비빈곤아동의 부적응 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구-아동이 지각한 부모의 양육태도를 중심으로-. 중앙대학교 석사학위논문.
신승철, 김만권, 윤관수, 김진학, 이명선, 문수재, 이민준, 이호영, 유계준 (1991). 한국에서의 the Center for Epidemiological Studies -Depression Scale(CES-D)의 사용-표준화 및 요인구조에 대한 횡문화적 검토-. 신경정신의학, 30(4), 752-767.
신현숙 (2005). 청소년의 낙관성 및 비관성과 심리적 적응의 관계에서 대처의 매개효과. 청소년학연구, 12(3), 165-192.
오경자, 김영아 (2008). CBCL 1.5-5 유아 행동평가척도-부모용 매뉴얼. (주)휴노컨설팅:서울.
전수연 (2002). 아동 기질과 부모 양육 형태에 따른 행동발달의 차이: 발달적 맥락에 따른 ‘조화의 적합성’에 관한 연구. 연세대학교 석사학위논문.
최선희, 김희수 (2009). 드림스타트 사업 안내 보고서. 보건복지가족부.
Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2000). Manual for the ASEABA Preschool Forms & Profiles. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.
Alpern, L., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (1993). Preschool children at social risk: Chronicity and timing of maternal depressive symptoms and child behavior problems at school and at home. Development & Psychopathology, 5, 371-387.
Argyle, M. (1999). Causes and correlates of happiness. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwartz(Eds.), Well-being: The foundation of hedonic psychology. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (1959). Adolescent aggression. New York: Ronald.
Campbell, S. B., Pierce, E. W., Moore, G., Marakovitz, S., & Newby, K. (1996). Boy's externalizing problems at elementary school: Pathways from early behavior problems, maternal control, and family stress. Developmental and Psychopathology, 8, 701-720.
Costello, E. J., Angold, A., Burns, B. J., Stangl, D., Tweed, D., Erkanli, A., & Worthman, C. M. (1996). The Great Smoky Mountains Study of Youth: goals, design, methods, and the prevalence of DSM-III-R disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 53, 1129-1136.
Cummings, E. M. & Zahn-Waxler, C. (1992). Emotions and the socialization of aggression: Adults' angry behavior and children's arousal and aggression. In A. Fraczek & H. Zumkley (Eds.), Socialzation and aggression (pp.61-84). New York and Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
Delfini, L., F., Bernal, M. E., & Rosen, P. M. (1976). Comparison of deviant and normal boys in home settings. In E. J. Mash, L. A. Hamerlnck, & L. C. Handy(Eds.), Behavioral modification and families (pp.228-248). New York: Brunner/Marzel.
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The schience of happiness, and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55, 34-43.
Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75.
Dision, T. J., Duncan, T. E., Eddy, J. M., Fagot, B. I., & Fetrow, R. (1994). The world of parents and peers: coercive exchanges and children's social adaptation. Social Development, 3, 255-268.
Dumas, J. E., & Serketich, D. R. (1994). Maternal depressive symptomalogy and child maladjustment: A comparison of three process models. Behavior therapy, 25, 161-181.
El-Sheikh, M., Cummings, E. M., & Reiter, S. (1996). Preschoolers' responses to ongoing interadult conflict: The role of prior exposure to resolved versus unresolved arguments. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 665-679.
Evans, G. W., & English, K. (2002). The environment of poverty: Multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment. Child Development, 73(4), 1238-1248.
Feldman, H. M., Dollaghan, C. A., Campbell, T. F., Kurslasky, M., Janosky, J. E., & Paradise, J. L. (2000). Measurement properties of the MacArther Communicative Development Inventory at ages one and two years, Child Development, 71, 310-322.
Forehand, R., Gardner, H., & Roberts, M. (1978). Maternal response to child compliance and noncompliance: Some normative data. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 7, 121-123.
Forehand, R., Wells, K., & Griest, D. (1980). An examination of the social validity of a parent-training program. Behavior Therapy, 11, 488-502.
Garmezy, N. (1991). Resiliency and vulnerability to adverse developmental outcomes associated with poverty. American Behavioral Scientist, 34, 416-430.
Glueck, S., & Glueck, E. (1950). Unraveling juvenile delinquency. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Goodman, S. H. & Gotlib, I. H. (1999). Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: A developmental model for understanding mechani는 of transmission. Psychological Review, 3, 458-490.
Hart, C. H., Dewolf, D. M., & Burt, D. C. (1992). Linkages among preschoolers' playground behavior, outcome expectations, and parental disciplinary style. Early Education and Development, 3, 265-283.
Hobfoll, S. E., ritter, C., Lavin, J., Hulsizer, M. R., & Cameron, R. P. (1995). Depression prevalence and incidence among inner-city pregnant and postpartum women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 445-453.
Klerman, L. V. (1994). The health of poor children: Problems and programs. In A. C. Huston(Ed.), Children on poverty. New york: Cambridge.
Kerr, D. C. R., Lunkenheimer, E. S., & Olson, S. L. (2007). Assessment of child problem behaviors by multiple informants: a longitudinal study from preschool to school entry. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48, 967-975.
Kim, I. J., Ge, X., Brody, G. H., Conger, R. D., Gibbons, F. X., & Simons, R. L. (2003). Parenting behaviors and the occurrence and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and conduct problems among African American children. Journal of Family Psychology, 17, 571-583.
Kucztnski, L., Kochanska, G., Radke-Yarrow, M., & Girnius-Brown, O. (1987). A developmental interaction of young children's non-compliance. Developmental Psychology, 23, 799-806.
Kuczynski, L., & Kochanska, G. (1995). Function and content of maternal demands: Developmental significance of early demands for competent action. Child Development, 66, 616-628.
Lobitz, W. C., & Johnson, S. M. (1975). Parental manipulation of the behavior of normal and deviant children. Child Development, 46, 719-726.
Luthar, S. S. (1999). Developmental Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry Series: Poverty and Children's Adjustment. SAGE Publications.
Luthar, S. S., Cushing, G., & McMahon, T. (1997). Substance abusers and their families: Developmental perspectives. In S. S. Luthar, J. Burack, D. Cicchetti, & J. Weisz(Eds.), Developmental Psychopathology: Perspectives on adjustment, risk, and disorder. New York: Cambridge.
McCord, W., McCord, J., & Howard, A. (1961). Familial correlates of aggression in non- delinquent male children. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 62, 79-93.
Moreno, J. K., Fuhriman, A., & Selby, M. J. (1993). Measurement of hostility, anger, and depression in depressed and nondepressed subjects. Journal of Personality Assessment, 61, 511-523.
Myers, D. G. (2007). Psychology of happiness. Scholarpedia, 2(8), 3149.
Patterson, G. R. (1976). The aggressive child: Victim and architect of a coercive system. In E. J. Mash, L. A. Hamerlynck, & L. C. Handy(Eds.), Behavioral modification and families(pp.267-316). New York: Brunner /Mazel.
Patterson, G. R., Fleischman, M. J. (1979). Maintenance of treatment effects: Some considerations concerning family systems and follow-up data. Behavior Therapy, 10, 168-185.
Reis, J., Barbera-Stein, L., & Bennett, S. (1986). Ecological determinants of parenting. Family Relations, 35, 547-554.
Rose-Krasnor, L., Rubin, K. H., Booth, C. L., & Coplan, R. J. (1996). Maternal directiveness and child attachment security as predictors of social competence in preschoolers. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 19, 309-325.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985). Optimism, coping and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health psychology, 4, 219-247.
Schultz, D., & Shaw, D. (2003). Boys' maladaptive social information processing, family emotional climate, and pathways to early conduct problems. Social Development, 12(2), 440-460.
Schultz, D., Izard, C. E., & Ackerman, B. P. (2000). Children's anger attribution bias: Relations to family environment and social adjustment. Social Development, 9, 284-301.
Shaw, D., & Bell, R. O. (1993). Developmental theories of parental contributors to antisocial behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 35-49.
Shaw, D., & Vondra, J. I. (1995). Infant attachment security and maternal predictors of early behavior problems: A longitudinal study of low-income families. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23(3), 335-357.
Snyder, J. J. (1977). Reinforcement analysis of interaction in problem and nonproblem families. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86, 528-535.
Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pal. Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Pal. Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press.
Wahler, R. G., & Dumas, J. E. (1989). Attentional problems in dysfunctional mother-child interactions: An interbehavioral model. Psychological bulletin, 105, 116-130.
Wahler, R. G., & Nordquist, V. M. (1973). Adult discipline as a factor in childhood imitation. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1, 40-56.
Wasserman, G. A., Rauh, V. A., Brunelli, S. A., Garcia-Castro, M., & Necos, B. (1990). Psychosocial attributes and life experiences of disadvantaged minority mothers: age and ethnic variations. Child Development, 61, 566-580.
Webster-Stratton, C., Kolpacoff, M., & Hollinsworth, T. (1988). Self-administered videotape therapy for families with conduct-problem children: Comparison with two cost-effective treatment and a control group. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 558-566.
Weiner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1992). Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. Itaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Weiss, B., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (1992). Some consequences of early harsh discipline: Child aggression and a maladaptive social information processing style. Child Development, 63, 1321-1335.
Weissman, M. M., Warner, V., Wickramaratne, P., Moreau, D., & Olfson. M. (1997). Offspring of depressedn parents: 10 years later. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 932-940.
Yune, H., Kang, J. H., & Oh, K. J. (2009, June). 1-Year Stability of the Korean Version of the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5. Poster presented at International ASEBA Conference. Burlington, VT., USA.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations