Dissociation between categorization and recognition due to time delay in learning-transfer phase experimental paradigm

사례들의 변별민감도에 영향을 미치는 시간지연 요인을 통해 학습-전이단계 실험패러다임에서 퇴행성 뇌손상 환자들이 나타내는 범주화와 재인의 해리를 단일기억체계로 설명할 수 있는지를 살펴보았다. Knowlton과 Squire(1993)로 대표되는 선행연구들은 뇌손상 환자들이 나타내는 범주화와 재인의 해리를 다중기억체계의 일차적 증거로 간주해왔다. 본 연구에서는 전이단계의 시간지연에 따른 변별민감도의 감소가 범주화와 재인에 차별적인 영향을 미침으로써 해리가 일어날 가능성을 찾아보았다. 특히 선행연구들이 범주화와 재인의 전이단계에서 서로 다른 항목을 제시하였던 것과는 달리, 전이단계에서 동일한 항목들을 제시함으로써 실험참가자들의 수행을 직접 비교하였다. 그리고 정확반응률 뿐만 아니라 반응시간을 종속변인에 포함시켰다. 실험참가자는 학습단계에서 무선 점패턴 자극들을 범주학습하거나 개별사례들로 학습한 후, 즉시, 1주, 또는 2주 지연 후에 범주화와 재인 과제를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 시간지연에 따라 정확반응률이 감소하고 정확반응시간이 느려졌지만, 정확반응률과 정확반응시간 모두에서 시간지연과 과제 간에 상호작용이 없었다. 즉, 시간지연이 범주화와 재인에 차별적인 영향을 주지는 않았다. 그러나 범주화와 재인 별로 분석해 본 결과, 시간지연에 따라 범주화는 정확반응률과 정확반응시간에서 차이가 없는 반면, 재인은 정확반응률이 저하되고 정확반응시간도 느려졌다. 논의에서는 이 연구의 함의와 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

keywords: categorization, recognition, dissociation, learning-transfer experimental paradigm, dot pattern, time delay, 범주화, 재인, 해리, 학습-전이단계 실험패러다임, 점패턴, 시간지연

Abstract

The dissociation of recognition and categorization is found in brain-damaged patients at learning-transfer phase experimental paradigm. We investigated whether time delay variable that has an effect on discrimination sensitivity among instances for performance can explain dissociation of recognition and categorization within the frame of single memory system. Knowlton & Squire(1993) considered dissociation of categorization and recognition in brain-damaged patients as a primary evidence for multiple-memory system. In our study we tried to find out the possibility that the dissociation could be shown due to time delay that can have discriminative effect on categorization and recognition individually. Especially, unlike previous studies that took different tests in the transfer phase of categorization and recognition, we presented the same tasks at the transfer phase and compared the performance results directly. We added reaction time as a dependent variable besides accurate response. Participants completed the categorization and recognition test phase either immediately or after 1 week and 2 weeks delay after learning phase by using dot pattern task. As a result, accurate response rate decreased and accurate response time was also slow due to time delay. There was no interaction effect between the task and the time delay both accurate response rate and time. In other words, time delay variable didn't have distinctive effect on categorization and recognition. However, when the results were analyzed separatedly for the two tasks, categorization performance was not affected whereas recognition performance was decreased due to the time delay. The implications of these results were discussed in the final section.

keywords: categorization, recognition, dissociation, learning-transfer experimental paradigm, dot pattern, time delay, 범주화, 재인, 해리, 학습-전이단계 실험패러다임, 점패턴, 시간지연

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논문 상세

Vol.23 No.3

학습-전이단계 실험패러다임에서 시간지연에 따른 범주화와 재인의 해리

Dissociation between categorization and recognition due to time delay in learning-transfer phase experimental paradigm

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물