The Effect of Articulatory Suppression Behaviors on the Performance of Working Memory System

Baddeley(1986, 2000)의 음운루프 가설은 조음억제조건에서 제시양식(청각적, 시각적)에 따른 작업기억 수행 차이에 기초하여 상정되었다. 조음억제행동은 조음억제를 위해 사용되는 반복단어의 조음유형(외현적, 내현적), 조음속도, 점검 유무, 조음억제단어 등 여러 측면에서 차이가 나는데, 그 동안 이러한 차이가 주목받지 못했다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 변수들의 조작이 작업기억체계의 수행에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 하였다. 실험결과, 조음억제행동은 조음유형, 조음속도, 점검유무, 조음억제단어에 따라 작업기억 수행에 미치는 영향이 다르게 나타났다. 외현적 조음억제가 내현적 조음억제보다, 느린 속도(비압축조건)가 빠른 속도(압축조건)보다, 점검 조건이 비점검조건보다 작업기억 수행에 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 외현적 억제조건과 달리 내현적 억제조건에서는 조음속도에 따른 차이가 나타났으며, 느린 속도에서는 조음억제단어에 따라 작업기억 수행에 미치는 영향이 달랐다. 이러한 차이는 조음억제행동에 대한 자동화 혹은 주의 요구와 관련되는 것으로 해석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 조음억제조건에서 조음장치에 따른 작업기억 수행차이가 없다는 음운루프 모형과 상반되며, 따라서 Baddeley의 작업기억 모형의 음운루프 가설을 재검토할 필요성이 제기된다.

keywords: 작업기억, 조음억제행동, 중앙집행장치, 음운루프, 일화적 완충기, working memory, articulatory suppression behaviors, executive control system, phonological loop, episodic buffer

Abstract

Baddeley(1986, 2000) proposed a working memory model which is composed of the executive control system, the visuospatial sketchpad, and the phonological loop. In studying the nature of the phonological loop, a variety of articulatory suppression behaviors have been applied in experiments, but their effects have not been intensively investigated. This study tried to probe effects of articulatory suppression behaviors, especially on working memory performances. Subvocal and overt speech forms, two speeds of rehearsal (articulation), presence or absence of suppression monitoring, and several kinds of suppression words were contrasted while participants tried to remember memory items auditorily presented. Working memory performances were measured by the memory span (Exp. 1) and the number of correctly recalled items (Exp. 2 & 3). Results are as follows: Overt articulatory suppression (Exp. 1), slow speeded rehearsal (Exp. 1) and non-condensation of suppression words (Exp. 2), and monitoring suppression words (Exp. 3) had more negative effects on working memory performances than its counterpart condition, respectively. In the subvocal articulatory suppression condition of Exp. 1, working memory performances varied with the rehearsal speed. And in the non-condensed condition of Exp. 2, the performances varied with kinds of suppression words. It was concluded that articulatory suppression behaviors have effects on the performances of working memory system, and these effects resulted from speech automatization of articulatory suppression behaviors. The results and conclusion of this study are not consistent with Baddeley's model which has not observed the effects of articulatory suppression behaviors. From this it follows that Baddeley's model should be reconfigured to include the effects of articulatory suppression behaviors.

keywords: 작업기억, 조음억제행동, 중앙집행장치, 음운루프, 일화적 완충기, working memory, articulatory suppression behaviors, executive control system, phonological loop, episodic buffer

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논문 상세

Vol.25 No.4

조음억제행동이 작업기억체계의 수행에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Articulatory Suppression Behaviors on the Performance of Working Memory System

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Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물