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활동적 노인의 성격, 직무동기 및 직무만족 사이의 관계

The relatioships of personality, job motivation, and job satisfaction among older employees

한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제 / Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues, (P)1229-0661; (E)1229-0661
2015, v.21 no.3, pp.395-417
박인조 (연세대학교)
이주일 (한림대학교)
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초록

본 연구의 목적은 첫째, 노동 현장에서 일하는 활동적 노인의 직무만족과 직무동기를 예측하는 성격변인을 탐색하는 것이었다. 둘째, 활동적 노인의 직무동기와 직무만족을 설명하는 가장 적절한 경로모형을 구축하는 것이었다. 셋째, 활동적 노인의 성격과 직무만족 사이를 매개하는 직무동기의 효과성을 검증하는 것이었다. 연구의 참가자들은 춘천에 거주하는 만 65세 이상의 활동적 노인 280명이었다. 280명 중에서 남성은 122명(43.6%), 여성은 158명(56.4%)였으며 연령 범위는 65세에서 88세 사이였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 우호성, 성실성, 내적 통제감이 유의하게 직무동기를 정적으로 예측하고 개방성과 신경증성이 부적으로 예측했다. 우호성, 성실성, 자존감, 내적 통제감이 각각 직무만족을 정적으로 예측했다. 회귀모형 결과의 유의하게 나온 변인들과 선행 연구에 기초해서 3개의 경로모형을 탐색했으며 모형 2(성격변인인 개방성, 신경성, 내적통제, 우호성, 성실성, 자존감과 직무만족 사이를 직무동기가 매개하는 모형)와 모형 3(내적통제, 우호성, 성실성, 자존감과 직무만족 사이를 직무동기가 매개하는 모형)이 적합했고 이 중에 모형 3을 최종 모형으로 선택했다. 마지막으로, 우호성, 성실성, 내적 통제와 직무만족 사이를 직무동기가 매개한다는 결과를 얻었다. 논의에서 본 연구의 활동적 노인의 성격, 직무동기, 직무만족 관계를 밝힌 의의와 생산적 노년개념의 한계점 및 향후 연구과제에서 노동현장에서의 활동적 노인 연구에 대해 제안하였다.

keywords
personality, work motivation, job satisfaction, older employees, 성격, 직무동기, 직무만족, 활동적 노인

Abstract

The first aim of this study was to explore the roles of personality variables on work motivation and job satisfaction. The second purpose was to setup a path model, in which the personality variables would impact on work motivation and job satisfaction. The third purpose of the current study was to examine medation effects of work motivation between personality variables and job satisfaction. In total, 280 older employees who worked in the various fields participated at this study. The reuslts of hierachial regression analysis found that agreeableness, conscientiousness, and interanl locus of control positively predicted on work motivation. The results indicated that openness to experience and neuroticism negatively influenced on work motivation. Also, we found that agreeableness, conscientiousness, and self-esteem postively predicted on job satisfaction. The resutls of path analysis showed that work motvation mediated the relationship between agreeableness, conscientiousness, and interanl locus of control and job satisfaction, respectively. Finally, implicaions of the results, limitations of this study, and directions of future research were discussed.

keywords
personality, work motivation, job satisfaction, older employees, 성격, 직무동기, 직무만족, 활동적 노인

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