The purpose of this study was to search for empirical evidence between internalized shame with self-control, aggression, and addiction potential. Also examine the differences between clinical group and normal group. The data was collected from 100 AA participants and 380 Non-AA participants. For measuring each variable, internalizes shame scale(ISS), self-control rating scale(SCRS), Buss-Durkee Hostility inventory(BDH), addiction potential scale(APS) were used. The survey result was analyzed with Pearson Correlation, Partial correlation and t-test. The results shows: Frist, the internalized shame and the aggression, the addiction potential shows a positive correlation but the self-control shows negative correlation. Second, after control self-control, internalized shame positively correlate to addiction potential and aggression. Third, clinical group recorded a higher level in internalized shame, aggression and addiction potential than normal group; a lower level in self-control. Based on the finding, the implications of understandings, the interventions, the limitations of this study, and the suggestions were discussed.
김용태 (2010). 사회-심리적 특성으로서의 수치심의 이해와 해결. 한국상담학회: 상담학연구, 11(1), 59-73.
김용태 (2010). 사회심리영적 관점에서 본 수치심: 통합적 이해. 한국기독교상담학회지, 20(2), 111-132.
김윤주, 송 욱, 한성열 (2009). 기독교인의 종교성향에 따른 수치심과 죄책감의 차이에 대한 연구. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 15(4), 469-486.
김완석, 유연재 (2012). 한국 대학생의 신체이미지: 일본, 중국과의 비교를 토대로. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 18(2), 301-327.
남기숙 (2008). 수치심, 죄책감 경험과 대처가 심리 증상에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 박사학위논문.
노안녕, 홍경자 (1983). 비행청소년에 있어서 공격성과 불안의 감소에 미치는 주장훈련의 효과. 한국심리학회지 임상, 4(1), 19-31
윤영주, 노승호 (2003). 알코올 의존 환자 유형간 성격평가 질문지 척도의 비교. 중독정신의학, 7(1), 28-36.
이인숙, 최해림 (2005). 내면화된 수치심척도(ISS)의 타당화 연구-애착, 과민성 자기애, 외로움과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 17(3), 651-670.
이호영 (2006). 알코올 중독의 심리적 이해. 대한의사협회지, 49(2), 99-107.
조원준 (2007). 알코올중독 입원환자의 공격성에 영향을 미치는 요인. 한국보건복지학회; 보건과 복지 제9집, 47-67.
중앙아동보호전문기관 (2013). 전국아동학대현황보고서. 서울: 중앙아동보호전문기관.
최은영, 안현의 (2011). 여대생의 아동 청소년기 대인간 외상경험과 자기역량 손상의 관계에서 내면화된 수치심의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 16(3), 285-302.
홍은수 (2002). 수치심의 이해 및 치유. 연세대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
Andrews, B., & Hunter, E. (1997). Shame, early abuse and course of depression in a clinical sample: A preliminary study. Cognition and Emotions, 11, 373-381.
Ausubel, D. P. (1955). Relationships between shame and guilt in the socializing process. Psychological Review. 62, 378-390.
Bradshaw, John. (1988). Healing the Shame that Binds You. Health Communications. New York: US
Broucek, F. (1991). Shame and the self. New York: Guilford Press.
Buss, A. H., & Durkee, A. (1957). An inventory for assessing different kinds of hostility. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 21, 343-349.
Buss, A. H., & Perry, M. (1992). The aggression questionnaire. Journal of Personality & Social Pshychology, 63, 452-459.
Cook, D. R. (1987). Measuring shame: The internalized shame scale. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 4, 197-215.
Cook, D. R. (1991). Shame, attachment, and addictions: Implications for family therapist. Contemporary Family Therapy, 13, 405-419.
Cooper, M. L. (1994). Motivations for alcohol use among adolescents. Development and validation of a four-factor model. Psychological Assessment. 6, 117-128.
Cuomo, Chiara., Sarchiapone, Marco., Giannantonio, Massimo., Mancini, Michele., & Roy, Alec. (2008). The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse: Aggression, Impulsivity, Personality Traits, and Childhood Trauma of Prisoners with Substance Abuse and Addiction. New Jersey. USA
Claesson, Katja. (2002). Internalized shame and early interactions characterized by indifference, abandonment and rejection: Replicated findings. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 9, 227-284.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ). 1994. American Psychiatric Association
Erickson, E. H. (1971). Autonomy v. shame and doubt. In H. Morris (Ed.), Guilt and Shame (pp.155-158). Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Finger, Brent., Kachadourian, Lorig K., Molnar, Danielle S., Eiden, Rina D., Edwards, Ellen P., & Leonard, Kenneth E. (2010). Alcoholism, associated risk factors, and harsh parenting among fathers: Examining the role of marital aggression. NIHPA Author Manuscripts. New York. US.
Goss K, Gilbert P, & Allan S. (1994) An exploration of shame measures. I: The ‘other as shamer scale’. Personality and Individual Differences 17: 713-717.
Harder, D. H. (1995). Shame and guilt assessment, and relationships of shame- and guilt- proneness to psychopathology. In K. Fischer & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Shame, guilt, embarrassment and pride: Empirical studies of self-conscious emotions. New York: Guilford.
Harper, James M.; Hoopes, Margaret H. (1990) Uncovering Shame: An Approach Integrating Individuals and Their Family Systems. W. W. Norton & Company.
Hoblitzelle, W. (1987). Differentiating and measuring shame and guilt: the relation between shame and depression. In H. Lewis (Ed), The role of shame and symptom formation. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Jacoby, M. (1991). Shame and the origins of self-esteem. London: Routledge.
Kaufman, G. (1989). The psychology of shame: Theory and treatment of shame-based syndromes. London: Routled.
Kaufman, Gershen (1996). The psychology of shame: theory and treatment of shame-based syndromes. Springer Pub. Co.
Kernberg, O. F. (1975). Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism. New York: Jason Aronson INC.
Kohut. H. (1971). The analysis of the self. New York: International Universities Press.
Lester, D. (1998). The association of shame and guilt with suicidality. Journal of Social Psychology, 18, 535-536.
Levin, Jerome D. (2001). Therapeutic strategies for treating addiction: from slavery to freedom. Jason Aronson.
Lewis, H. B. (1987). Introduction: shame-the “Sleeper” in psychopathology. In H. B. Lewis (Eds.), The role of shame in symptom formation. Hilsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Lewis, H. B. (1971). Shame and guilt in neurosis. New York: International Universities Press.
Loader, Peter. (1998). Child Abuse Review. Such a shame-a consideration of shame and shaming mechanisms in families. 7(1), 44-57.
Morrison, A. P. (1989). Shame: the underside of narcissism. Hillsdale: Analytic Press.
Nathanson, D. L. (1987). The many faces of shame. New York: The Guilford Press.
Piers, G., & Singer, M. B. (1971), Shame. In H. Morris (Ed.), Guilt and Shame (pp.147-154). Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
Ratzinger, J. C. (1997). Salt of the earth: The church at the end of the millennium. Ft. Collins, CO: Ignatius Press.
Sanftner, J. L., Barlow, D. H., Marschall, D. E., & Tangney, J. P. (1995). The relation of shame and guilt to eating disorders symptomatology. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 14, 315-324.
Tangney, J. P., Niedenthal, P. M., Covert, M. V., & Hill-Barlow, D. (1998). Are shame and guilt related to distinct self-discrepancies? A test of Higgins's(1987) hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 256-268.
Tangney, J. P., Wagner, P. E., & Gramzow, R. (1992). Proneness to shame, proneness to guilt, and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 469-478.
Weed, N. C., Butcher, J. N., McKenna, T., & Ben-Porath, Y. S. (1992). New measures for assessing alcohol and drug abuse with the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 389-404.