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- KCI
ISSN : 1226-9654
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Vol.19 No.1
Abstract
It was investigated an effect of stimulus pattern relationship on motion perception, using motion aftereffect(MAE). Generally, it has been accepted that visual system processes pattern information of an object separately from motion information. However, there were recent reports on the possible interaction between two visual pathways: pattern and motion. In order to investigate whether there is an interaction between stimulus pattern and MAE intensity, we manipulated three aspects of relation between adapting and testing stimuli; pattern similarity, area occurring MAE, retinotopic specific area between adapting and testing stimuli. In Experiment 1, it was manipulated pattern similarities and shapes of pattern. In Experiment 2, shapes of adapting stimuli was manipulated, controlling overlapping area between adapting and testing stimuli. In Experiment 3, shapes of testing stimuli was manipulated, controlling overlapping area between adapting and testing stimuli. In Experiment 4, it was investigated effect of area occurring MAE and overlapping area between adapting and testing stimuli, controlling overlapping area. We measured duration of MAE, as an estimation of an intensity of MAE. It was observed that duration of MAE was longer when adapted stimulus pattern and test stimulus were same than when they were different. When overlapping area was controlled, similarity of shape has stronger effect on MAE than central area occurring MAE. These results suggest that the shape information of object has an influence on motion information processing, revealed by MAE.
Abstract
Human beings have coherent perceptual experiences from a scene having various features, although human visual system is comprised of separate areas that are functionally specialized to process different visual features such as color, motion, shape and orientation. This induces the 'binding problem', which is the issue of combining the features processed at separate visual areas. Binding problem had been studied using temporal as well as spatial illusory binding of visual features. We hypothesized that temporal binding would be affected by a spatial factor. We tested whether the perceptual synchrony of the features presented in the central region affected the perceptual synchrony of the features presented in the peripheral region. The results imply that the perceptual synchrony at a central region promotes the perceptual synchrony at a peripheral region and that the temporal binding is affected by the spatial factor.
Abstract
Using fMRI, we have investigated the underlying brain mechanism for hysteresis effect revealed in face categorization. Selective activation of human brain areas, V1, V4v, and FFA to sequentially presented synthetic faces has been measured. There was a strong activation in FFA for categorizing faces, while there was no difference in activation in V1 and V4v. These results indicate that FFA might be closely related with the processing of face categorization, in addition to various face-specific information processing.
Abstract
One of the most efficient ways of understanding other's actions is to mindread, that is, to interpret other's actions in terms of their mental states such as desires, beliefs, intentions. The basic mechanism that allows us to mindread is the intentionality detector, a tendency to perceive moving things as intentional agents with mental state such as desires, beliefs, and intentions. This study examined whether we perceive moving nonself-propelled objects such as triangle as intentional agents as we do self-propelled objects such as humans, and wether this tendency is gained with age. Six different types of computer-presented 40-second animations were used; three of them were two triangles moving around the screen, at random sequences, goal-directed(G-D) sequences and Theory of mind(Tom) sequences, the other three were human silhouettes moving around those three different sequences. The results were as follows: First, subjects interpreted triangle silhouettes intentionally as much as human silhouettes. Second, subjects interpreted G-D and Tom sequences more intentionally than random sequences, and this tendency was gained with age. This results suggest that the tendency to perceive moving things as intentional agents varies according to the motion patterns, and the tendency develops as children get older.
Abstract
For investigating the dynamic characteristics in learning of the golf putting, the present experiment was conducted from the perspective of the dynamic approach. At Day 1, CM group was instructed to practice putting comfortably under no environmental constraints with their eyes closed(intrinsic dynamics), and TG group was instructed to practice putting under the environmental constraints with their eyes open(required dynamics). The results showed that at Day 3, CM group was more accurate than TG group, however, this difference was vanished at Day 4, and Day 5 with increased practices. Also, there was the learning effect between Days, hence, the performance became more accurate at Day 5. The results, also, showed that at Day 5, the attractor state was changed from the Middle distance condition to the Short, and the Long distance conditions, therefore, indicated the phenomenon of 'self organization'. In sum, the dynamic characteristics in learning of the golf putting was well explained by the dynamic approach.