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ISSN : 1226-9654

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Vol.23 No.1
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정서자극을 사용한 oddball과제에서 정서가와 확률이 ERP에 미치는 효과

Effects of Emotional Valence and Probability on ERPs in an Oddball Task using Affective Pictures

한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물 / The Korean Journal of Cognitive and Biological Psychology, (P)1226-9654; (E)2733-466X
2011, v.23 no.1, pp.123-138
https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2011.23.1.004
문은옥 (전남대학교)
박태진 (전남대학교)
문은옥, & 박태진. (2011). 정서자극을 사용한 oddball과제에서 정서가와 확률이 ERP에 미치는 효과. 한국심리학회지: 인지 및 생물, 23(1), 123-138, https://doi.org/10.22172/cogbio.2011.23.1.004
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초록

정서적으로 부정적인 자극에 대해 사람들이 특히 민감하다는 사실을 여러 연구들이 밝혔다. 그러나 oddball 패러다임을 사용한 정서처리 연구들에서 보고된 부정편향은 정서가효과뿐만 아니라 덜 빈번하게 제시된 표적자극의 ‘oddball’효과를 함께 반영할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 oddball 패러다임에서 정서가효과와 표적자극의 확률효과를 규명하기 위해 IAPS 그림자극을 사용하여 부정그림과 중립그림의 확률을 다음과 같이 조작하였다: 25% 대 75%, 50% 대 50%, 75% 대 25%. ERP를 분석한 결과, 정서 관련성분인 P3(250-400ms)에서는 확률효과가 관찰되었는데, 고확률(75%) 자극에 비해 저확률(25%와 50%) 자극에 대해 진폭이 더 컸다. 반면, 주의 및 정서 관련성분인 후기의 LPP(600-1200ms)에서는 중앙-두정영역에서 정서가효과가 관찰되었는데, 중립자극에 비해 부정자극에 대해 진폭이 더 컸다. 또한 일부 중앙-두정영역에서 LPP가 확률효과를 보였는데, 부정자극의 경우 고확률(75%)로 제시될 때에 비해 저확률(25%와 50%)로 제시될 때 진폭이 더 컸다. 반면, 중립자극의 경우 P3와 LPP 모두에서 확률효과가 관찰되지 않았다. P3에서 관찰된 확률효과 그리고 LPP에서 관찰된 정서가 및 확률의 효과는 주의편향효과와 정서편향효과가 ERP성분상에서 분리될 수 있음을 시사한다.

keywords
oddball 패러다임, 부정편향, 주의편향, P3, LPP, oddball paradigm, negativity bias, attentional bias, P3, LPP

Abstract

Several studies employing oddball paradigm indicated that people are very sensitive to emotionally negative events. However, it cannot be excluded that the negativity bias reported in those studies might be due to the frequency of the target stimulus rather than emotional valence. To elucidate the effect of valence and the effect of probability of target stimuli in oddball paradigm, we manipulated the probability of negative and those of neutral IAPS pictures as follows: 25% vs. 75%, 50% vs. 50%, and 75% vs. 25%. ERP results showed that P3 (250-400ms), an attention-related component, showed the probability effect, i.e. higher amplitudes in response to stimuli of 25% and 50% probability than in response to stimuli of 75% probability at parietal sites. On the contrary, later LPP (600-1200ms), an attention- and emotion-related component, showed valence effect, i.e. higher amplitudes in response to negative stimuli than neutral stimuli at centro-parietal sites. Also, LPP at some centro-parietal sites showed probability effect, i.e. higher amplitude in response to negative stimuli of 25% and 50% probability than those of 75% probability. But both P3 and LPP showed no probability effect in response to neutral stimuli. The probability effect on P3 as well as valence effect and probability effect on LPP suggest that attentional bias effect and emotional bias effect could be distinguishable on some ERP components.

keywords
oddball 패러다임, 부정편향, 주의편향, P3, LPP, oddball paradigm, negativity bias, attentional bias, P3, LPP

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