The present article reviewed the studies of the effect of economic disasters on psycologycal disorders, performed in western societies. The studies of macro approches demonstrated the ries of socio-pathological incidences such as suicide, aggression, admission to mental hospitals. Psychological studies on economic disaster revealed the psychological variablse intervened between economic depression and sociopathology. It was found that psychological depression, frustration, and powerlessness are the psychological problems experienced by the most unemployees.
This study was examined to explore the behavior and value of Korean adolescents who prefer the rock`n roll music in detail. A total of 2016 students were administered multifaceted questionnaires measuring the value and behavior. As the result, the rate of Korean adolescents who prefer rock music was lower than the other kind of music. The adolescents who prefer rock music were psychologically identified and vicariously satisfied their desires with the music star more than other group. Also they enjoyed rock music with friends and had high SES and high educated. And the rock preference group thought love, achievement, friendship, stimulation, creativity, and open mind as valuable one. In contrast, they ranked obligation, obedience, kindness, manner, devotion, self control, discipline as less important than other group. In compared with other research the result of this study were explained and discussed in detail.
This study examined the relationship among attributional style, health (assessed by life-satisfaction, stress), academic grade, and home environment (assessed by perceived parental control, perceived parental achievement pressure, and parents' socio-economic status) with a sample of adolescents incarcerated in detention centers (n=143) and high school students (n=189). The following pattern of results were obtained. First, when compared to the incarcerated adolescents, the high school students had higher scores on parental socio-economic status and perceived parental achievement pressure. Second, there was a significant interaction effect between parental control and academic grade. For the high school students, the perceived parental control of the high achievers was lower when compared to the low achievers, but the exact opposite was found for the incarcerated adolescents. Third, in terms of attributional style of the high school students, when compared to the low achievers, the high achievers were more likely to score higher on internal attribution and lower on fate attribution. Fourth, the incarcerated adolescents were more likely to score higher on external attribution and lower on outgroup influence when compared to the high school students. Fifth, for stress and life satisfaction, there were no significant differences between the high school students and incarcerated adolescents. Sixth, the high achievers had higher life-satisfaction and lower stress scores when compared to the low achievers in both samples.
This study was intended to examine the effects of social supporter on the adolescent's delinquent behavior and depression. The subjects for this study were 1,135 students attending middle schools and high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do area. The subjects were asked to respond to social support scale, delinquency scale, and depression inventory. The results indicated that the relative importance of three different social supporters(parent, teacher, peer) on the adolescent's delinquent behavior was different from that of the three different supporters on the depression. In the case of adolescent's delinquency, the most predictible variable was teacher's support, on the other hand, the parent's support was the most predictible variable in the case of the depression. Comparing the early adolescence with the middle adolescence, the relative importance of the three different supporters on the delinquent behavior and depression found to be different. In the early adolescence, delinquent behavior was predicted, in order of importance, by the teacher's support, parent's support, and peer's support. However, in the middle adolescence, the order was teacher's support, peer's support, and parent's support. In the case of early adolescent's depression, the order of predictability was parent's support, teacher's support, and peer's support, but in the case of middle adolescent's depression, the order was parent's support, peer's support, and teacher's support.
Formal/Explicit norms in Korea have been significantly changed since the beginning of modernization in Korea, but informal/implicit norms are still firmly based on traditional Confucian rules. Interpersonal networks and high-context communication styles centering around one's own ingroups have reinforced such a tendency. Overall social trust is low in Korea, because people are strongly identified with their ingroups and exclude outgroup members. Besides, Inglehart(1997) revealed that generational gaps in Korea are the largest among the surveyed 43 countries, based on his study on postmaterialism. After a short review of theoretical and traditional foundations of the Korean culture's dual standards, existing survey data were readdressed to illustrate empirical evidence for the discrepancies between formal/explicit and informal/implicit norms of Korea as well as Korean generational gaps. A system- atic survey plan for the late 1990's was finally suggested to examine younger and older Koreans' values, norms, and practices, as a directional guide for the coming 21st century.
Four hundred citizens residing in a large and a medium size cities(Seoul and Cheongju respectively) in South Korea were interviewed to determine how they perceive the morality, the equity and the authority of the law and law enforcement agents and whether those perceptions influence behavioral observances of the law. It was found that citizens' attitude toward the police and their perceptions of the morality and the equity of the law are influencing factors for such minor violations of the law as traffic violations and street disturbances. Based on these findings, it was expected that citizens' voluntary conformity of the law will be significantly promoted when the police improves the contacts with the citizens and earns confidence among them.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the psycho-social characteristics of the members of nine different groups in Korea. The nine groups were sampled by the criteria of voluntariness, non-politics, non-profit, future-orientation, and universality. Included among the groups sampled for this study are an alumni association of a high school, a hometown association, a rural coop, a neighborhood women's association, a voluntary group of a church which were more typical types of groups in Korea. The rest includes more atypical and novel types: a child-care coop, religion-based commune, an environment protection group, and a computer-mediated society. The interview was conducted with the key informant of each group with a semi-structured questionnaire. The results showed that a social-value orientation was the major issue for the members of the more atypical groups like the child-care coop, the environment protection group, and the religion- based commune. But they had some conflicts between their own purpose of their groups and the barriers in their daily life as well as the reality of the Korean society. The groups interested in voluntary service, the voluntary group of a church and the neighborhood women's association, showed some difficulties in disseminating their activities. The computer-mediated society suggested a new possibility to build an interpersonal relationship in the cyberspace. The results demonstrated that the members of the more typical groups such as the alumni association, the hometown association, the rural coop, were more interested in sharing their friendship and the spirit of mutual help.
This study investigates the experiences of the people participating in voluntary group activities. A standardized questionnaire survey was conducted to the members of 9 different voluntary groups. Included among the groups selected for the survey are an alumni association of a single class members, an old-hometown fellowship association, a church fellowship group, a rural coop, and a neighborhood women's association which are the more typical types of voluntary groups in Korea. The rest includes more atypical and novel types: a religion-based commune, an environment protection group, a child-care coop, and a computer-mediated society. The number of respondents ranges between 33 and 58 per group, totalling 406 respondents. The course through which members joined the group, the level of participation in group activities, the nature of group activities, subjective/emotional experiences from the group activities, the perception of the social values of the group activities, the organizational characteristics of the group, interpersonal relations within the group, and membership activities in other groups are examined by making comparisons among different groups. Some of the general findings are as follows: the tendency to rely on yonko(the interpersonal ties based on sharing the same personal background, such as the blood relation, the hometown, or the school attended) in the joining of voluntary groups are weaker among the atypical groups; people generally participate in group activities with a stronger individual-value orientation than a social-value orientation; the most important individual outcome of voluntary group participation is socio-emotional rather than practical in nature unless the group has been established to serve specific practical purposes; and, satisfactory family and occupational lives are generally the prerequisite of voluntary group participation.