Korean Psychological Journal of Culture and Social Issues
- P-ISSN1229-0661
- E-ISSN1229-0661
- KCI
Vol.30 No.4
Abstract
The current study aimed to develop and validate the psychological autopsy manual (K-PAM). Two studies were designed and conducted for this study. In study 1, the first version of K-PAM was composed. For this purpose, items and rating systems from preceding domestic and international research were explored and consulted. Sixty items were finally selected from the first preliminary version through expert discussion. In study 2, the validity and reliability of K-PAM were specifically investigated by using 37 psychological autopsy cases. As a result, the criterion-related-validity was verified by examining correlations with two criterion scales. Second, the interrater reliability (ICC) was also supported. Third, the test-retest validity showed an acceptable level. Finally, the results of the G study showed that the items had a significant effect on total score as a measurement error. The D study also indicated that at least 4 assessors were required to get an acceptable level of the based dependency coefficient. This study is of great value since it presented a psychological autopsy tool that is confirmed in terms of reliability and validity by reflecting standardized characteristics(Conner et al., 2022).
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of social contexts regarding drinking, drinking motives, affect, and the negative consequences of alcohol consumption on the daily drinking occurrence and quantity among college students. A total of 56 college students participated in the 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA), reporting on social contexts related to drinking, drinking motives, affect, and negative consequences from alcohol use. Data were analyzed using multilevel modeling. As a result, at the between-person level, negative consequences from drinking were significantly associated with the same day drinking occurrence. Additionally, evening outing plans and experience of negative consequences from drinking were significantly related to the quantity of alcohol consumed that day. At the within-person level, the drinking quantity of companions and enhancement motives were significantly associated with the same day drinking occurrence, and the drinking quantity of companions were also significantly related to the quantity of alcohol consumed on the same day. At the between-person level, the drinking quantity of companions were related to the next day’s drinking occurrence, and the presence of evening outing plans were significantly associated with the next day's drinking quantity. At the within-person level, negative consequences from drinking were significantly related to the next day's drinking occurrence, and both the drinking quantity of companions and enhancement motivation were significantly associated with next day's drinking quantity. This study is meaningful in that it explored factors related to the college students' drinking occurrence and quantity using the ecological momentary assessment. By confirming the strong influence of companions' drinking amounts on individual drinking behavior, the findings suggest the need to establish preventive measures for problematic drinking among college students from a socio-contextual perspective.
Abstract
This study examined the differences in demographics, mental health characteristics, and bereavement- related characteristics among Korean adults who experienced bereavement within 2 years and investigated the variables affecting prolonged grief symptoms in each bereavement type. To this end, data from 1,200 Korean adults who was bereaved within the close in 2 years were used. First, there were differences between the bereavement types in prolonged grief symptoms, mental health characteristics (depression, anxiety, PTSD symptom), and bereavement-related characteristics (unfinished business). Second, it was confirmed that the variables affecting prolonged grief symptoms may appear differently in each bereavement type. Also, higher PTSD symptoms and more unfinished business were associated with more prolonged grief symptoms in all bereavement types. Lastly, it was discussed that there should be differences in intervention according to each type of bereavement as the characteristics of each type of bereavement and the effect on prolonged grief symptoms varied.
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the psychological changes experienced by mothers of children having developmental disabilities, with a particular focus on their posttraumatic growth as both mothers and individuals. For this purpose, the autobiographical writings of eight mothers who participated in a five-session of an autobiographical writing program were qualitatively analyzed through a thematic analysis. The mothers, who initially struggled from psychological distress upon the diagnosis of their children’s disability, gradually accepted their children’s disabilities, overcame psychological distress, and ultimately reclaimed their lives. In this process, the mothers also developed an increased interest in social minorities and underwent changes in their attitudes and values toward life. Specifically, eight themes with 28 subthemes were identified: a Life transition: becoming ‘a mother of a child having disabilities’, experiencing psychological distress, positive meaning making of their children’s disabilities, experiencing psychological recovery, living as myself rather than ‘a mother of a child having disabilities’, changes in perceptions and attitudes toward disability, finding the presence of supporters, and unresolved difficulties. Through this process, this study not only explored the challenges of parenting childrens having disabilities but also looked deeper into the postttraumatic growth of mothers of children having developmental disability, which is a topic often neglected in previous research. Additionally, the study captured the mothers’ desire to live as an independent individual by integrating their experiences of raising a child having disability into their lives.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the sociocultural context and condition of social connectedness, social identity and social comparison criteria that affect social well-being. Additionally, it examined qualitatively how people's social well-being is affected by the social comparison standards of the Korean society. For this, the FGI methodology was utilized. Adults in their 20s to 60s made up five age-based focus groups, each with seven participants, for a total of 35 people. Afterward, the data were coded by themes, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify patterns and draw conclusions. The following are the primary conclusions: First, social connection was experienced through things like other people's unwavering kindness, events evoking national solidarity, social security programs, and the exercise of civic rights like voting. Second, people's primary social identities in daily life are divided into three dimensions: material self, social self, and psychological self, while social identity as a Korean is reinforced by international contexts. In particular, the sociocultural contexts of experiencing the Korean identity were identified as differentiating themselves from other foreigners in the international community, feeling like an outsider in a strange setting, and feeling more engaged by national prestige events and sporting events. Third, perceptions of the Korean society through social comparison varied depending on the standard of comparison. Upward comparisons caused feelings of tension and frustration, while downward comparisons offered some relative comfort. The study's findings have important ramifications since they can serve as a basis for advancing social well-being. The study specifically showed a tendency for less frequent experiences of social connectedness. Thus, it implies that in order to make this connectedness a regular occurrence rather than a phenomenon reserved for special occasions, psychosocial and cultural interventions are required. Furthermore, by highlighting the sociocultural contexts in which Korean identity is experienced and the ways in which important social identities vary across generations, this study highlights the necessity of tailored methods for each generation to reinforce Korean identity. Last but not least, the study highlights the significance of taking into account the beneficial role of downward comparison in preserving balanced social views and fostering social well-being in Korean culture, where upward social comparison is common due to the development of SNS.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of incompleteness in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and hoarding behavior, and to determine whether this mediating effect varies according to the level of emotional clarity. To this end, data were collected from 243 university students aged 18 and older using the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Korean version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, the Obsessive-Compulsive Trait Core Questionnaire, and the Korean version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Based on the collected data, this study verified the mediating effect of incompleteness and the moderated mediating effect of emotional clarity in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and hoarding behaviors, and the main findings are as follows. First, the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and hoarding behaviors was found to be partially mediated by incompleteness. Second, emotional clarity was found to moderate the relationship between incompleteness and hoarding behaviors. Finally, the mediating effect of incompleteness in the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and hoarding behaviors was found to be moderated by emotional clarity. This suggests that the pathway from maladaptive perfectionism to hoarding behaviors through incompleteness can be alleviated by emotional clarity. Based on these findings, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the dual mediating effect of self-acceptance and perceived social support on the relationship between internalized shame and interpersonal competence in early adulthood. To achieve this, a self-reported survey was conducted using scales measuring internalized shame, interpersonal competence, self-acceptance, and perceived social support. Data were collected from 235 men and women aged 18 to 39 across South Korea. Reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted using SPSS 27.0 and PROCESS Macro 4.2. The significance of the indirect effects was verified through bootstrapping methods. The main findings of this study are as follows: First, self-acceptance fully mediated the relationship between internalized shame and interpersonal competence. Second, perceived social support also fully mediated the relationship between internalized shame and interpersonal competence. Third, the sequential mediating effects of self-acceptance and perceived social support on the relationship between internalized shame and interpersonal competence were significant. These findings suggest that higher levels of internalized shame are associated with lower self-acceptance, which in turn leads to reduced perceived social support, negatively impacting interpersonal competence. Finally, the implications, limitations of this study, and the suggestions for future research were discussed.
Abstract
Korea is experiencing significant social conflicts across various issues, including class, gender, generation, political ideology, and religion. While there are numerous studies in the fields of politics, administration, and sociology that aim to understand the current state and types of social conflicts or explore management strategies from a macro perspective based on the structural characteristics of these conflicts, there is a lack of psychological research explaining the phenomenon of social conflicts intensifying during individual communication processes. This paper aims to examine social conflicts in South Korea from the perspective of verbal communication, with the goal of understanding the psychological mechanisms behind language that triggers social conflicts. To achieve this, the Social Category and Stereotypes Communication Framework proposed by Beukeboom and Burgers (2019) is addressed and the psychological mechanisms are explored through which linguistic labels and descriptive biases used in communication can form and reinforce stereotypes related to social categories. The framework is then applied to the South Korean context, analyzing several linguistic labels and descriptive biases that fuel conflicts related to gender, generation, and ideology/politics in the country. Finally, this article asserts that subtle differences in carelessly used language can amplify social conflicts, emphasizing the need for future empirical research to scientifically examine the effects of linguistic labels and descriptive biases used in South Korean society.
Abstract
Korean society has a historical background of valuing groups or communities over individuals for a long time. However, there are currently various discussions regarding this trend. In addition to the Hofstede’s conventional view of individualism and collectivism, and Triandis and Gelfand’s(1998) vertical collectivism-horizontal collectivism, Brewer and Chen(2007) divided collectivism into relational-collectivism and collective-collectivism by culturally subdividing it. This study attempted to explain the Korean culture by combining the vertical-horizontal division of Triandis and Gelfand(1998) and the concept of collective-relational collectivism of Brewer and Chen(2007) in order to analyze Korean culture in depth from a cultural psychological perspective. Through this, it was intended to provide a basic understanding of the relationship culture of the Korean society and to explain the social phenomenon of conflict and coexistence between generations currently arising in Korean society. Accordingly, the culture in Korean society was presented from the perspective of the vertical-relational culture and horizontal-relational culture. Finally, the necessity and possibility of empirical research in the future were presented for this proposal.