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고통판단과제에서 정신병질 경향성 집단의 고통공감: 사건관련전위연구

Empathy for Pain of Individuals with Psychopathic Tendencies in a Pain Judgment Task: An Event-Related Brain Potentials Study

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2011, v.25 no.4, pp.121-137
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2011.25.4.008
전행자 (경기대학교)
김영윤 (경기대학교)

초록

본 연구는 사건관련전위를 이용하여 정신병질 경향성을 가진 사람들이 타인의 고통공감에 어려움이 있는지 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 일반 대학생들을 대상으로 정신병질적 성격 질문지 개정판의 점수에 의해 65점 이상을 받아 정신병질 경향성자로 분류된 15명이 실험집단으로 선발되었다. 정신병질적 성격 질문지 개정판에서 65점 이하를 받은 나머지 학생들 중에서 15명이 통제집단으로 선발되었다. 컬러 사진을 이용한 시각 과제를 실시하였는데, 모든 피험자는 일상생활에서 흔히 일어날 수 있는 손에 고통이 가해지는 상황의 사진(고통자극)과 같은 상황이지만 고통이 가해지지 않은 사진(중성자극)을 보게 된다. 피험자들은 고통판단과제에서 손에 고통이 있는 사진과 없는 사진을 구분하고, 손수세기과제에서는 손의 수를 구분하여 가능한 한 빠르고 정확하게 해당 버튼을 누르도록 지시받았다. 과제가 수행되는 동안 사건관련전위를 측정하였다. 사건관련전위 분석 결과, 고통판단과제에서 정신병질 경향성집단이 통제집단보다 전전두(prefrontal)영역에서 중심(central)영역까지 고통자극의 P3 진폭이 중성자극의 P3 진폭보다 크게 나타났고, 집단 간 유의미한 차이를 나타냈다. 행동데이터를 분석한 결과, 정신병질 경향성집단이 통제집단보다 더 낮은 과제수행 정확도 평균을 나타냈으나, 집단 간에 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 정신병질 경향성을 가지고 있는 대학생들이 타인의 고통을 공감하는데 더 많은 인지적인 노력을 요구하는 것으로 보여진다.

keywords
empathy for Pain, psychopathic tendencies, event-related potentials, P3, 사건관련전위, 정신병질 경향성, 고통공감, P3

Abstract

We examined empathy for pain in undergraduate students divided into psychopathic tendencies(n=15) and control(n=15) groups according to the scores of Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised. Event-related potentials were collected as participants performed a pain judgment task and a hand counting task. The participants were presented with pictures of hands that were in painful or neutral situations. The pain judgment task required attention to pain cues in the stimuli. The hand counting task withdrew their attention from these cues. The statistical analysis of P3 elicited by pain and neutral stimuli in the pain judgment task indicated that psychopathic tendencies group showed significantly higher P3 amplitudes than the control group at the frontocentral and central areas. Psychopathic tendency group responded less accurately than the control group. But both group did not show significant differences in accuracies. These results suggest that individuals with psychopathic tendencies are required more cognitive effort to empathize the others’ pain.

keywords
empathy for Pain, psychopathic tendencies, event-related potentials, P3, 사건관련전위, 정신병질 경향성, 고통공감, P3

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