본 논문은 북한이탈주민이 인식하는 다문화집단과의 현실갈등이 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향의 관계에서 지각된 차별감의 매개효과를 파악하기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구를 위하여 273명의 북한이탈주민을 대상으로 성별, 연령, 남한거주기간 등의 배경변인과 현실갈등인식, 지각된 차별감 및 삶의 만족 등을 조사하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 북한이탈주민이 지각하는 다문화집단과의 현실갈등인식, 지각된 차별감 및 삶의 만족에서 성별, 연령별, 남한거주기간에 따른 유의미한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 다문화집단과의 현실갈등인식이 높을수록 지각된 차별감은 높아지고 삶의 만족도는 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 북한이탈주민이 지각하는 현실갈등인식이 삶의 만족도에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 지각된 차별감이 매개효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 효과는 경제수준을 통제한 후에도 유의미하였다. 따라서 현실갈등인식이 북한이탈주민이 느끼는 삶의 만족도에 직접적으로 영향을 미치기 보다는 지각된 차별감을 통하여 영향을 미치고 있음을 시사하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 이론적 현실적 함의를 논의하고 후속연구를 제안하였다.
This study investigated realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups and perceived discrimination as predictors of life satisfaction of North Korean defectors in South Korea. For the purpose, 273 North Korean defectors completed the questionnaires including realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, perceived discrimination, life satisfaction. and background variables(sex, age, residence periods in South Korea). Results indicated, at first, that there was no significant differences of sex, age, residence periods in South Korea for realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, perceived discrimination, and life satisfaction. Second, the higher the realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, the more perceived discrimination, but the lower the life satisfaction. Third, analysis further revealed that the perceived discrimination mediated the relationship between realistic conflict perception and life satisfaction. Based on the results, the future study topics relating to this area were suggested.
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