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ISSN : 1229-0653

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Vol.28 No.4
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‘합리적 의심 없는 증명 원칙’의 지시문 유형과 순서도 사용이 배심원들의 이해도와 평결에 미치는 영향

Effects of ‘Beyond a Reasonable Doubt’ Instruction Types and Use of Question Trail Flowchart on Juror’s Comprehension and Verdict

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2014, v.28 no.4, pp.71-89
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2014.28.4.004
이윤정 (한림대학교 대학원)
조은경 (한림대 심리학과)
이윤정, & 조은경. (2014). ‘합리적 의심 없는 증명 원칙’의 지시문 유형과 순서도 사용이 배심원들의 이해도와 평결에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 28(4), 71-89, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2014.28.4.004
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초록

본 연구는 국내외에서 배심원들에게 제시되는 ‘합리적 의심 없는 증명의 원칙’ 지시문을 심리 언어적 요인과 내용을 기준으로 세 유형으로 분류하였다. 또한 형사법상의 법적 원칙의 이해를 도와주는 시각적인 보조도구의 제시 여부에 따라 역시 두 집단으로 분류한 3 × 2의 피험자 간 설계이다. 403명의 참가자는 재판 내용을 요약한 스크립트를 보고 피고인의 유무죄와 본 원칙의 전반적인 이해도, 각 지시문이 요구하는 최소한의 입증요구 정도와 각 지시문의 초점에 대한 문항에 응답하였다. 연구 결과, 심리 언어적 구조가 단순한 지시문이 제시된 경우 회상점수가 유의미하게 높았고, 시각적 보조도구가 제시된 경우 이해 점수가 유의미하게 더 높게 나타났다. 또한 무죄 추정의 원칙과 검사의 입증책임이 포함된 지시문을 읽은 참가자들이 다른 조건에서보다 지시문이 피고인의 무죄에 중점을 두고 있다고 응답하였고, 이는 유무죄 평결에 유의미한 예측변인이었다. 회상 점수와 이해 점수도 피고인이 유죄일 확률에 대해 유의미한 예측 변인인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 지시문의 패턴화 필요성을 제기하고, 시각적 보조도구의 긍정적 효과를 확인한 데 의의가 있다.

keywords
국민참여재판, 합리적 의심 없는 증명의 원칙, 배심원 지시문, 배심원의 이해도, 판단 길잡이, beyond a reasonable doubt, jury instruction, jury comprehension, visual aid, Question Trails

Abstract

In this research, three different ‘Beyond a Reasonable Doubt’ instruction types are sorted by psycholinguistic factors and contents, which are previously provided forms in actual process. Presentation of visual aid for better comprehension of legal principles is another variable. To sum, this study is 3 x 2 between-subjects design. 403 people participated in this survey, they responded to the questions regarding guilty judgements and degree of understanding after reviewing summary on the dramatized actual criminal cases. They were also required to consider the minimum prerequisite for deciding ‘guilty’ or ‘not guilty’, as well as on which side of the judgements the instructions were focused. As results, recall scores are appeared relevantly higher with simpler instruction than other types, for understanding scores, with visual aid than without it. Also, instruction containing presumption of innocence and prosecutor’s burden of proof is considered to be more emphasized on the ‘Not guilty’ side than ‘Guilty’ one. Unexpectedly, emphasis on the ‘Not guilty’ side in instruction, recall scores and understanding scores are rather clearly appeared as a significant preestimated variable on the percentage of ‘Guilty’ judgement. This research raised the necessity for standardization of the jury instructions in the korean court, accompanying with the positive effect on the understanding with use of visual aid.

keywords
국민참여재판, 합리적 의심 없는 증명의 원칙, 배심원 지시문, 배심원의 이해도, 판단 길잡이, beyond a reasonable doubt, jury instruction, jury comprehension, visual aid, Question Trails

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