바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

Differences in both emotional intelligence and the relations of emotional intelligence to job stress and stress coping based on sex and job position

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2007, v.12 no.2, pp.307-324
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2007.12.2.002

  • Downloaded
  • Viewed

Abstract

This study was intended to examine whether emotional intelligence differs across sex and job position of employees. Also the relations of emotional intelligence to job stress and job stress coping were examined. Additionally it was examined if these relationships are different across sex and job position. Data were collected from 482 employees working on various service jobs. Results showed that there was no significant difference in the emotional intelligence total(EI-total) score between men and women employees. However, women had a significant higher score on the self-emotions appraisal factor and a significant lower score on the regulation of emotion factor. Second, mangers had significant higher scores on all the four factors and the EI total score than the non-manger group. The same trends were found for male employees as well as female employees. Third, emotional intelligence was significantly positively related to active coping, social support, and emotional expression but not significantly related to avoidance coping, supporting the hypothesis partially. This trend was not affected by differences in sex r and job position. Fourth, contrary to the expectation, emotional intelligence was significantly positively correlated with anxiety and job burnout. This trend was not affected by differences in sex and job position. Finally, implications, limitations, and future research were discussed.

keywords
Emotional intelligence, Job stress, Job stress coping, Sex, Job position, 정서지능, 스트레스대처, 직무스트레스, 성별, 직급

Reference

1.

김민호 (1991). 교사스트레스와 탈진. 연세대학교 석사학위논문.

2.

전겸구, 김교헌, 조신웅, 노명래, 손정락 (1994). 다차원대처 척도의 개발. 한국심리학회: 임상, 13, 114-135.

3.

탁진국, 신필순 (1999). 고등학교 교사의 직무스트레스 원인이 정신건강에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 건강. 4, 110-122.

4.

한덕웅, 전겸구, 탁진국, 이창호, 이건효 (1993). 생활부적응에 영향을 미치는 생활사건과 개인차 변인. 학생지도연구, 10, 1-35.

5.

한태영. (2005). 청소년의 학교장면 스트레스: 성격 및 정서지능의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 학교. 2(2), 177-197.

6.

Abraham, R. (1999). Emotional intelligence in organizations: a conceptualization. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 125, 209-224.

7.

Bar-On, R. (1996). The Emotional Quotient Inventory: A measure of emotional intelligence. Toronto, ON: Multi Health Systems.

8.

Bar-On, R. (1997). Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: A measure of emotional intelligence. Technical Manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems.

9.

Bar-On, R., & Parker, D. A. (2000). Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version. Technical Manual. North Tonawanda, New York: Multi-Health Systems.

10.

Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002). Emotional Labor and Burnout: Comparing Two Perspectives of "People Work" Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60, 17-39.

11.

Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 267-283.

12.

Cartwright, S., & Cooper, R. K. (2002). ASSET: An organizational stress screening tool. London: Robertson Cooper Limited & Cubiks.

13.

Chwalisz, K., Altmaier, E. M., & Russell, D. W. (1992). Causal attributions, self-efficacy cognitions, and coping with stress. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 11, 377-400.

14.

Cooper, R. K. (1997). Applying emotional intelligence in workplace. Training & Development, 51, 31-38.

15.

Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. J. (2000). EIQ Mangerial User Guide. NFER-Nelson, Windsor.

16.

Dulewicz, V., Higgs, M., & Slaski, M. (2003). Measuring emotional intelligence: Content, construct and criterion-related validity. Journal of Mangerial Psychology. 18, 405-420.

17.

Fleishman, J. A. (1984). Personality characteristics and coping patterns. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 25, 229-244.

18.

Goldberg, D. P., & Williams, P. (1988). A user's guide to the General Health Questionnaire. Windsor: NFER-Nelson.

19.

Goleman, D. (1998). Working with emotional intelligence. New York: Bantam Books.

20.

Harrod, N. R., & Scheer, S. D. (2005). An exploration of adolescent emotional intelligence in relation to demographic characteristics. Adolescence, 40, 503-512.

21.

Hart, P. M., Griffin, M. A., Wearing, A. J., & Cooper, C. L. (1996). The QPASS manual. Austrialia: Psychology Department, University of Queensland.

22.

Havlovic, S. J., & Keenan, J. P. (1991). Coping with work stress: The influence of individual differences. Special issue: Handbook on job stress. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 199-212.

23.

Hochschild, A. R. (1983), The Managed Heart, Berkeley & Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.

24.

Jain, A. K., & Sinha, A. K. (2005). General health in organizations: Relative Relevance of Emotional Intelligence, Trust, and Organizational Support. International Journal of Stress Management. 12, 257-273.

25.

Lararus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. New York: McGraw-Hill.

26.

Law, K. S., Wong, C., & Song, L. J. (2004). The construct and criterion validity of emotional intelligence and its potential utility for management studies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 483-496.

27.

Locke, E. A. (2005). Why emotional intelligence is an invalid concept. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 425-431.

28.

Mandell, B.m & Pherwani, S. (2003). Relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership style: A gender comparison. Journal of Business and Psychology, 17, 387-404

29.

Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. (1981). Maslach Burnout Inventory: Manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

30.

Nikolaou, I., & Tsaousis, I. (2002). Emotional intelligence in the workplace: Exploring its effects on occupational stress and organizational commitment. The International Journal of Organizational Analysis. 10, 327-342.

31.

Petrides, K. V., & Furnham, A. (2000). On the dimensional structure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 29, 313-320.

32.

Ptacek, J. T., Smith, R. E., & Dodge, K. L. (1994). Gender differences in coping with stress: When stressor and appraisals do not differ. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 421-430.

33.

Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 9, 185-211.

34.

Schutte, N., Malouff, J., Hall, E., Haggerty, D., Cooper, J., Golden, D., & Dornheim, L. (1998). Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 167-177.

35.

Schutte, N. S., Schuttepelz, E., & Malouff, J. M. (2001). Emotional intelligence and task performance. Imagination, Cognition, and Personality, 20, 347-354.

36.

Slaski, M., & Cartwright, S. (2002). Health, performance and emotional intelligence: an exploratory study of retail managers. Stress and Health. 18, 63-68.

37.

Spielberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R. L., & Lushene, R. E. (1970). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.

38.

Terry, D. J. (1994). Determinants of coping: The role of stable and situational factors. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 895-910.

39.

Tsaousis, I. (2003). Measuring emotional intelligence: Development and psychometric characteristics of the emotional intelligence questionnaire (EIQ). Manuscript submitted for publication.

40.

Wong, C., Law, K. S. (2002). The effects of leader and follower emotional intelligence on attitudes and performance: An exploratory study. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 243-274.

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology