This study aimed to validate the Korean version of Body Compassion Scale (BCS; Altman, Linfield, Salmon, & Beacham, 2017). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the data of 236 adults. After removing one item that was cross-loaded a three-factor model (common humanity, defusion, acceptance) were drawn, consistent with the original scale. A confirmatory factor analysis was then conducted using the data of another 237 adults. One item with a low standardized regression weight was discarded, and the three-factor model was confirmed with an acceptable fit and good internal consistency. Convergent validity of the Korean BCS was established by correlational analyses with body compassion and related constructs such as body image and self-compassion. Moreover, the Korean BCS provided incremental validity over Self-Compassion Scale in predicting eating disorder and body dissatisfaction. Lastly, implications and limitations of this study were discussed.
Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is now included as an impulse control disorder in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11). CSBD-related problems require global attention as they are not limited to a particular ethnic group or culture. The majority of prior studies have been conducted in western societies. As a first step towards stimulating CSBD research in Korea, we translated and validated CSBD-19, a recently developed screening measure of CSBD, into Korean. The subjects were 404 adults (179 men and 225 women) ranging in age from 19 to 69 years old (mean age=45.01, standard deviation=13.54). The results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a five-factor (control, salience, relapse, dissatisfaction, negative consequences) model proposed in a previous study was fit for the current data. Internal consistency coefficient of the Korean version of CSBD-19 (K-CSBD-19) were also good (total items=.938, sub-domains=.712~.898). The results of concurrent validity analysis showed that K-CSBD-19 was positively correlated with the existing scales of related variables. Next, latent profile analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis were conducted to calculate cut-off points for classifying individuals at high risk of CSBD. We identified a high-risk group of 3.7 percent of the total samples, and a score of 48.5 was proposed as an optimal cut-off point. Lastly, theoretical and practical implications as well as the limitations of this study were discussed.
This study classified empathy types as follows: Perspective taking, Fantasy, Empathic concern, and Personal distress, and examined the coping styles and psychological adaptations of the empathy types. Three clusters were drawn from 481 adults(44.7% male, average age 33.7). The ‘active empathy’ group with high perspective taking, fantasy, empathic concern but low personal distress; The ‘emotional empathy’ group with low cognitive empathy but high emotional empathy while the ‘inactive empathy’ group with both low cognitive and emotional empathy were affirmed. The ‘active empathy group used adaptive coping styles with little avoidant coping, showing low psychiatric symptoms and high self-esteem. The ’emotional empathy’ group used less adaptive coping style but with frequent avoidant coping, style, and they were the most vulnerable psychological adaptation. The ‘inactive empathy’ group used low frequency of both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, but showed relatively good psychological adaptation. The relationship between cognitive empathy and emotional empathy and the characteristics of personal distress and empathic concern were discussed.
The current research was conducted on 339 office workers in South Korea to investigate the serial-multiple mediation of self-compassion and dysfunctional anger expression (anger-in, anger-out) in the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout. Results revealed that self-compassion, anger-in, and anger-out was each found to be a mediator of the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout. Also, the serial-multiple mediation of self-compassion and anger-in in the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout was found to be statistically significant, whereas self-compassion and anger-out did not successively mediate this relationship. These results suggested that for officeworkers who experienced workplace bullying, sequentially intervening to prevent anger-in after improving self-compassion was effective in reducing burnout. Implications for research and managerial practices were discussed.
This study identified the correlations of personality and self-concept with medication compliance, adherence and practice of health behaviors among students in early adolescence. Additionally, the regression models for medication compliance, practice and adherence of health behaviors with personality and self-concept were examined. Participants were 369 male and female students in elementary and middle schools. Personality was measured by Big-5 personality traits, self-concept was measured by self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-confidence, and adherence was measured by adherence of health behaviors and medication compliance. Practice of health behaviors in daily life was also measured. Correlational analysis revealed that neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness were significantly correlated with medication compliance, whereas all factors of Big-5 personality traits were significantly correlated with adherence and practice of health behaviors. Self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-confidence of adolescents were positively correlated with medication compliance, practice and adherence of health behaviors. In multiple regression models, Big-5 personality traits and three self-concepts accounted for 11.0% and 11.7% of variation in medication compliance by , respectively. In addition, Big-5 personality traits and self-concepts accounted for the variance of adherence of health behaviors by 19.6% and 14.2%, respectively while Big-5 personality traits and self-concepts accounted for the variance of practice of health behaviors by 30.5% and 25.4%, respectively. Stepwise regression analyses indicated that self-confidence was a determinant for medication compliance, conscientiousness for adherence of health behaviors, and self-efficacy for practice of health behaviors. This study provided useful information about accountability of personality and self-concept for adherence and practice of health behaviors among children and adolescents.
As Covid-19 pandemic prolongs, rapid changes of the social environment such as restrictions in schools and group gatherings are impacting parents and their children. The purpose of this study was to provide a basic guideline for parents of school-aged children to prepare for their alternative parenting in the Covid-19 pandemic by understanding the current status of their mental health and their parent-child relationship. An online survey was administered to 524 parents from 37 kindergartens and daycares, 21 elementary schools, and 23 middle and high schools in Seoul using individual mental health-related scales, parent-child relationship-related scales, parental efficacy, and scales for measuring the degree of changes after Covid-19. Results showed that levels of depression and anxiety of parents were with in their normal ranges. However, participants experienced negative changes in their mental health after Covid-19. They had more worries and anxieties about the coronavirus. Both negative and positive changes were reported by recognitions of parents about their parent-child relationship after Covid-19. Moreover, mental health such as depression and anxiety in children represented an adverse change. Their smartphone and internet use showed increases. For realistic and practical intervention in advance, ways to utilize the current status of mental health in parents who are rearing children in Covid-19 and their parent-child relationship as elemental data are discussed.