This study was intended to look into the past and present timeframe in regard to an identified Korean health psychology and works to predict future changes within that paradigm. First, we tried to explore the efforts of the Korean Health Psychological Association established in 1994: its history and development; the fields of its activities, seminars and monthly meetings on health psychology; the Korean Journals of Health Psychology;conferences and workshops; News Letters; "Plans to Contribute to the Development of the Korean Health Psychology Association" of the experts in the clinical health psychology; as well as a review of the status of its members. Second, we looked at understanding Korea's health promotion policy (Korea's Ministry of Health and Welfare) and important health indicators in Healthy People 2020(USDHHS, 2010). Finally, we predicted a change in the future issues related to health psychology.
People are stand at the crossroads of choice between the consequences that can occur in everyday inter temporal. A lot of people tend to prefer the immediate rewards, even if the rewards are lager for the future. Each of individuals has different delay discount rates, people who take count of the higher discount rates for future rewards undervalue present value of the future rewards and judge it has a less influence that the effects of future reward due to the current choice. They select the problematic behavior, such as smoking, addiction, eating problem and impulse buying because of excessive discounts for future rewards. This research aimed at investigating the effects of self-regulatory strength and construal level on delay discounting. First, targeting 54 individuals who are male or female in university students and students on a leave of absence in the age of 20s. We set the cover story "Influence of the preference for money" after that, we make them write down a self control scale(SCS) and selected each 27 individuals in the top 25% and 27 individuals in the bottom 25% of full score, among people who decided to participate in this experiment. For this, the researcher planned a design between subjects 2(high self-regulatory strength, low self-regulatory strength) × 2(high construal level, low construal level), and used behavior task Delay discounting task(DDT) to measure delay discount rates and presumed individual's delay discount, accepting responses (which have been) selected by participants. As the analysis result, significant difference appeared in the discount rates of self-regulatory strength and construal level. Also, delay discount was lower when high construal level has been manipulated and was higher when low constual level has been manipulated, in group of low self-regulatory strength, whereas there were no relevant difference according to construal level, in group of high self-regulatory strength. These results propose self-regulatory strength's correlation between deficiency and high delay discount, and impress the importance of induction to high construal level is helpful for reducing delay discount. According to the study, we could expect that induction to futuristic temporal preference may be prevent effect to message delivery in clinical setting regarded as self control failure.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness meditation program on the identified suicidal ideation, depression and subjective well-being among female high school students with noted suicidal tendencies. The participants to the study were freshmen from a girls’ high school in Seoul, South Korea and were recruited based on their depression and suicidal ideation scores on the AMPQ-Ⅱ. Among the volunteers, there were 17 students with BHS scores above 10 or with a reported past suicidal attempt who were selected. The participants were randomly assigned to either a treatment group (n=10) or a waiting-list control group (n=7). The treatment group received a 60-minute mindfulness program once to twice per week, over a 6-week period of time. All participants to the study completed the following scales at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up. The major findings were as follows. The treatment group showed noted decreases in suicidal ideation and negative emotions compared to the waiting-list control group. There were no significant differences that were found between the groups at post treatment on depression, life satisfaction, expectation of life satisfaction, or positive emotion. At the 4-week follow-up analysis, the decreases in suicidal ideation and negative emotions were maintained in the treatment group. These results suggest that the use of mindfulness meditation can help to decrease suicidal ideation and negative emotions among the high school students with exhibited or identified suicidal tendencies. Finally, the implications and limitations of the study were discussed.
The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive examination of the mediated moderation effect of social support, through the associated psychological hardiness on the relationship between stress and mental health. For the purpose of the study, there were a total of 300 Korean military personnel chosen to complete the following questionnaires: the Stress Diagnostic Scale for Korean Military Personnel, Psychological Hardiness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). The main findings of the study are as follows. First, the stress, psychological hardiness, social support and mental health results show notable statistically significant correlations. Second, using a multiple regression and slope analysis, the moderation effect of the social support as identified on the relationship between stress and mental health is found to be related in this study. Third, using a multiple regression and slope analysis, the moderation effect of the relation of social support on the relationship between stress and psychological hardiness is found. Finally, the mediated moderation effect of social support through psychological hardiness is found to be significant on the relationship between associated stress and mental health. Overall, the noted implications for positive improvement of the mental health of military personnel members and suggestions for future research are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to examine flow as a moderator of the relation between the conceptual elements of distraction and depression. The study clarified that the effect of distraction on depression would be increased when the flow level is higher in an individual. There were three hundred and twenty-six undergraduate students who participated in the study and who completed the following testing questionnaire: the Response Style Questionnaire(RSQ), Tellegen Absorption Scale(TAS), and The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) examinations. Afterwards, the hierarchical regression analyses was reviewed and studied, which indicated that the interaction effect of distraction and flow on depression is significant in an individual experiencing these components. Our study revealed that in the case where the flow level was considered high, the effect of distraction on depression was significant, while when the flow level was identified as low, there was no significant result. Finally, we conclude with the implications and the limitations of this study, and suggestions for future directions were discussed based on our results of the current study parameters.
This study was performed to confirm the mechanism of the ego-resilience that was known as the competency and process for determining an adaptation under the stressful situation, and the study therefore verified whether the positive function of ego-resilience was activated in the perception phase of the experience of stress or in the recovery phase after the perception phase had passed. For this purpose, we chose and identified a high ego-resilience group (of 12 persons) and a low ego-resilience group (of 12 persons), and then provided the participants stress feedbacks (in the form of a stress phase) and noted a recovery period (recovery phase) during three timeframes. In this processes we therefore measured the changes of psychophysiological responses (heart rate, blood flow rate, muscle conductance, and skin conductance). The results of the study were summarized as follows. First, in regard to the measured heart rate, the high ego-resilience group showed a lower heart rate than the identified and measured low ego-resilience group, as noted in the stress phase and the recovery phase. Second, in regard to the measured and identified blood flow measurements of the participants, the differences between the high and the low ego-resilience groups were not as significant in the baseline phase and stress phase, but it was revealed that in the recovery phase, the blood flow of the low ego-resilience groups became higher than the baseline, while the blood flow of high ego-resilience groups became lower than the established baseline. Third, in regard to the muscle conductance, the high and the low ego-resilience groups showed high muscle tension level in the baseline phase, but it was determined that both of the group’s tension levels were gradually decreased, and there were no significant difference between both of the groups. Fourth, in regard to the measured skin conductance of the participants, both of the high and the low ego-resilience groups showed increasing levels in the stress phase and decreasing level in the recovery phase, but these changes were significant only in the high ego-resilience group.
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of perceived organizational support and self-soothing ability in the relationship between organ procurement and transplantation coordinators’ emotional labor and job burnout. To this end, emotional labor scale, perceived organizational support scale, self-soothing ability scale, and job burnout scale were used, and among organ procurement and transplant coordinators registered on Korean Network for Organ Sharing(KONOS), 94 participated in a survey for the analysis. Considering Job Demands-Resources Model of Burnout, a research model and a competition model were set, and then a final model was selected based on their comparison. According to the final model, emotional labor not only directly and indirectly influenced it by mediating perceived organizational support and self-soothing ability.
The present study aims to understand the psychological mechanism of displaced aggression, investigating the dual mediating effects of dysfunctional anger expression (i.e., anger-in, anger-out) on the relationship between internalized shame and displaced aggression. A total of 327 adults (128 males, 198 females) participated in the study. The noted structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. We compared the model fits of the research model and the competition model, and found that the competition model was the best model for the present data. The results of the study showed that there are relationships between noted anger-in fully mediated as noted in the relationship between internalized shame and anger-out, and anger-in partially mediated as seen in the relationship between internalized and displaced aggression. Also, the incident of anger-out partially mediated the relationship between anger-in and displaced aggression. These findings indicated that the incident of internalized shame influenced displaced aggression through anger-in and anger-out with dual mediation effects. The results are going to be useful for clinicians to understand and assist clients who have problems of managing their displaced aggression with dysfunctional anger expression. Furthermore, the meanings and limitations of this study and future research tasks were discussed.
The purpose of the study is to explain the dual mediating effects of difficulty in emotional differentiation and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, as noted and identified in relationship between self-absorption and interpersonal problems. There were 300 middle school students as participants in the study who completed the testing which was the Scale for Dispositional Self-Focused Attention in Social situation, Korean Version of Emotional Awareness Questionnaire for adolescents, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and short form of the Korea Inventory of Interpersonal Problem: Circumplex Scales. Accordingly, the participants who did not report questionnaire faithfully excluded from the analyses, and thus the path analysis was performed in order to find out the mediating effects with the 231 participants. According to the results, every path was noted to have been significant, except for one which was noted in relation to the maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation and interpersonal problems. Chiefly, the results showed that the difficulty in emotional differentiation is partially mediated not only through the relation of self-absorption and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, but also is seen in the relation of self-absorption and interpersonal problems. Lastly, the implications of this study were discussed, and suggestions for further research were proposed.
This study was conducted to examine the sequential dual mediating effects of rumination and social avoidance between rejection sensitivity and depression in undergraduate students. For this purpose, this study used self-reported versions of the Rejection Sensitivity Scale(RSQ), Rumination Response Scale(RRS), Cognitive-Behavior Avoidance Scale(CBAS) and Depression Scale(CES-D) in 282 undergraduate students(female 172, male 110). The sequential dual mediating effects were analyzed by the use of a structural equation model. The findings of this study show that rejection sensitivity affected the types of maladaptive ruminations, brooding and depressive rumination. And the rumination affected the cognitive and behavior social avoidance in sequence, after these variables affected on the depressive symptoms of the participants. The results of this study suggest that if university students who have indicated a high level of rejection sensitivity ruminate and avoid interpersonal relationships, they are going to experience depressive symptoms as a result of this experience. This study was meaningful for focusing on the phenomenon of social avoidance, which is specifically related to rejection sensitivity, and suggesting one integrative model about related variables. Based on these results, the limitations of this study were discussed, as well as a discussion was provided regarding possible therapeutic methods that can useful to intervene in maladaptive rumination and social avoidance of the students, which is useful for preventing rejection sensitivity which is likely linked to depression.
The purpose of this study was to explore the dual mediating effects that are characteristic of anger suppression and the associated effects of depression, in the relationship between internalized shame and suicidal ideation among college students. For this purpose, a comprehensive questionnaire survey was conducted on 422 college students as participants in the study, located in Gyeonggi and Busan, South Korea. The participants therefore completed The Internalized Shame Scale (ISS), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-K), Korean CES-D, and the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ) for purposes of this study. Chiefly, in order to analyze the dual mediating effects, a structural equation modeling was conducted by the use of the AMOS 18.0 programs. Overall, the results of this study were as follows: First, the associated anger suppression as noted in the participants had a partial mediating effect between internalized shame and the incidence of depression. Second, it was noted that the depression experienced in the participants had a partial mediating effect between internalized shame and suicidal ideation. Third, the incidence of depression had a mediating effect as associated between anger suppression and suicidal ideation. Finally, the effect of internalized shame as experienced by the student participants surveyed had both noted direct and indirect effects on suicidal ideation via the incidence of anger suppression and depression. That is, we are confident to note that a partial dual mediation model fit the data well in this case. These results of this study suggest that anger suppression and depression sequentially mediate the relationship between the idea of internalized shame and suicidal ideation among college students. In conclusion, the noted limitations of this study and suggestions for future studies were discussed.
This study, based on Gray's (1991) Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, Higgins' s Regulatory Focus Theory (1998) and Regulatory Fit Theory(2000), aimed to verify the interaction effects of personal approach-avoidance motivation sensitivity and situational regulatory framing on chasing behaviors after experiencing loss in casino simulation game. 63 male college students who measured individual differences in approach-avoidance motivation sensitivity were randomly assigned to a promotion or prevention frame induction condition and used simulated slot machine game to measure their chasing behaviors. The results showed that the higher the approach motivation sensitivity, the higher the betting amount, the betting frequency, and the loss amount, after experiencing the loss in the gambling game. However, in the condition that the prevention frame was presented, the difference of the chasing behavior according to the sensitivity difference of approach or avoidance motivation was not significant. he significance of this study was discussed in relation to the application of previous studies and gambling field.
This study aimed to examine the effects of identified adult attachment, intentional rumination, and stress coping on growth following the event of romantic breakups for adults in their 20s~40s. The path model in which intentional rumination and active and passive stress coping mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, and the two dimensions of adult attachment, and growth following romantic breakups was analyzed. For this purpose, there were participants consisting of 399 unmarried men and women in their 20s~40s with experiences of romantic breakups, who completed the offered survey to find the validity of the model and mediating effect through structural equation. The results of this study were as follows: first, attachment anxiety negatively affected growth following romantic breakups while attachment avoidance did not significantly affect growth. Second, intentional rumination increased with the effect of increasing attachment anxiety, whereas intentional rumination decreased with the incidence of increasing attachment avoidance. Third, both active and passive stress coping also was noted to have increased as attachment anxiety increased, and passive stress coping was shown to have increased more significantly. In the case of attachment avoidance, only the incidence of active stress coping showed a negative effect. Fourth, attachment anxiety partially mediated intentional rumination and active stress coping in the path to reach growth following romantic breakups; therefore it is determined that the intentional rumination and passive stress coping were also partially mediated. In the path to growth following romantic breakups, attachment avoidance fully mediated intentional rumination and active stress coping; intentional rumination and passive stress coping were also fully mediated. Fifth, the group of those participants in their 30s or 40s showed a more significantly positive effect of intentional rumination and of active and passive stress coping, in the path to growth following romantic breakups with increasing attachment anxiety those in their 20s. Based on the findings, the implications on counseling and suggestions for future studies were discussed in the conclusions to the study.
This study is about how Temperament, Ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, and Stress coping style affect Smartphone addiction in people who are in their 20s in that age group demographic populations. There were a total of three hundred participants to the study who reported on addiction using the Smartphone addiction scale, Temperament and Character Inventory, Ambivalence over emotional expressiveness Questionnaire, and the Stress coping Checklist. There were a total of 297 reports that were statistically analyzed, and there were three reports that were excluded as having been not fully completely. As a result, the study showed that Novelty seeking, Harm avoidance, and Persistence from temperament were measured in the study experiment as being statistically significant with Smartphone addiction. Based on prior studies and statistical analysis, we constructed the model that was used in the study. The suggested model was that Ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, and Stress coping style were mediated in a row, and a competing model was useful as a double mediation model, which had two variables that were mediated in a stepwise configuration. As a result, the suggested model was better than the competing model, and suggested the model's fitness of purpose which was statistically significant. as noted in the study. After confirming a significance of path in this model, Problem-solving coping was a partial mediator in a process of Novelty seeking that affects Smartphone addiction while both Social support coping and Problem-solving coping were full mediators in a process of Persistence that also affects Smartphone addiction. Based on the above results, we discussed several points regarding the understanding of Smartphone addiction and intervention strategies, and limitations are as follows.