The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of eclectic group therapy for dysfunctional anger control both quantitatively and qualitatively. The program for dysfunctional anger control eclects anger-related therapeutic elememts to be suggested in previous researches on the basis of Siegel's interpersonal neurobiology model. The focus of this program is to work at deep levels with the body, with emotions and with many different elements of memory consisting of sematic memory, episodic memory and implicit memory during the activation of representations related to anger episodes. To verify the effects of the program, a group of 24 undergrauate students believed to have high level of dysfunctional anger were selected. This group was divided into two subgroups: therapy group and control group. The pre and post tests were conducted against these two subgroups in order to determine the effect of the therapy program to reduce dysfunctional anger level. A follow up to know whether the effect of the program had been maintained or not was performed one month after the therapy program was completed. The qualitative analysis was based on anger diary, SCT, participants' report on their experiences. The results of the study were as follows. First, the dysfunctional anger levels of therapy group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Second, the quantitative post test revealed that the effect in reducing insecure attachment & emotional deprivation schema level was insignificant, whereas the qualitative post test showed some remarkable change sign into secure attachment & adaptation schema. The significance of this study can be: First, the true source of dysfunctional anger would be not a current stimulus, but the effect of interaction that current stimulus and traumatic event in store to various memory representations of the past. Second, the therapeutic approach for anger control with secure attachment factors including contingent and reflective communication is useful.
This study observes the effect of pathological gambler's family education program which is conducted for helping understanding of pathological gambling, coping with gambler, and promoting their mental health. Findings were as followings: Frist, it is identified the positive effect of pathological gambler's family education program in all criteria, except for the perception which the recovering of pathological gambler is difficult. Second, the score of understanding of pathological gambling and coping with relapse increase than that of each pre-test significantly. And the score of confusing about cope with debt associated with gambling decreases than that of pre-test significantly. Based on the result, it was discussed the limits of this study and suggestions for the developing of family intervention program.
The purpose of the this study was to explore the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy(MBCT) Program on depression, impulsivity, and problem drinking behavior of the college students with Problem Drinking. The Korean Version of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test(AUDIT-K), Problem Drinking Screening Test(PDST), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS) were used for screening in pre-test. 30 people who satisfies the problem drinking level(AUDIT-K over 12 point, PDST over 3 point) and experiences depression participated in this study. They got a relatively high score in CES-D and BIS. Then, 30 people were randomly assigned to a 10 weeks MBCT program group(n=15) or control group(n=15). The MBCT program for 9 people was administered for 10 sessions. Depression, impulsivity, and problem drinking were assessed at pre-test, post-test, 1-month follow-up, and 2-month follow-up periods. The results of this study were that scores of depression, impulsivity, and problem drinking in the MBCT program group were significantly decreased more than those in the control group. Finally, the implications and limitations of this study as well as suggestions for further research were discussed.
This study examined the relation of social support, hope and problem-solving coping to psychological well-being through structure equation modeling. The hypothetical model was tested using survey method among 267 adolescents. The result demonstrated that social support facilitated hope, hope facilitated problem-solving coping, and problem-solving coping facilitated psychological well-being of adolescents. So the hypothetical model of this study was accepted. More specifically, hope and problem-solving coping partially mediated the relation between social support and psychological well-being of adolescents. In this study, the process that social support affects the psychological well-being of adolescents is specified by the mediating role of the hope and problem-solving coping. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed.
The mediation effects of ego-resiliency on the relationship between BAS/BIS, and well-being were studied. BAS and BIS, ego-resiliency, meaning in life, psychological well-being, satisfaction with life, and depression were measured. BAS was positively related with BIS, ego-resiliency, meaning in life, and psychological well-being, but BIS was negatively related with ego-resiliency, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with life. Ego-resiliency was positively related with meaning in life, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with life, but it was negatively related with depression. Resilient individuals were characterized by high scores on BAS and low scores on BIS. The results of structural equation analyses showed ego-resiliency has the mediation role between BAS/BIS and well-being. The roles of BAS/BIS, and ego-resiliency in well-being were discussed.
Increasing demands and expectations of medical services, researchers investigated how job stresses, and self-resilience are related to stress responses and quality of service of hospital employees. The participants were 253 employees who were employed at a short-term general hospital, whose ages ranged from 22 to 58. The psychological tests used in this research included the following: Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, ego resilience items from CPI, Stress Response Inventory, and SERVQUAL scale. Results indicated that the medical professions felt high demand implying the need to work than the non-medical professions among hospital employees. Job stresses of hospital employees were positively correlated to stress responses, high demand of implying the need to work accounted about 16% variance of stress responses. Ego-resilience was closely related to stress reponses, and it showed approximately 33% additional accountability for stress responses with job stresses. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that ego-resilience plays the role of moderator in the relation of the job stresses and stress responses of hospital employees. Lack of decision latitude and lack of supports from fellow worker were negatively correlated to quality of service of hospital employees, and ego-resilience accounted about 11% variance of quality of service among hospital employees. It was discussed roles of job stresses and ego-resilience in stress responses and quality of service among hospital employees with previous studies.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focused processes on depressed mood, dysfunctional beliefs and decentering. A total of 51 collage students participated, and were randomly assigned to a rumination group(N=17; 5 males, 12 females), a reflective group(N=17; 6 males, 11 females), or a experiential group(N=17; 6 males, 11 females). After a moderately distressing mood induction through gloomy music, the mood was treated according to each self-focused processes. And then, the level of depressive mood, dysfunctional beliefs and decentering were measured three times. The results indicated that first, the subjects of reflective and experiential groups reported better moods than those in ruminative group. Second, the reflective and experiential groups significantly reduced the level of dysfucntional beliefs, whereas the ruminative group did not have the effect on dysfunctional beliefs. Third, the level of decentering in experiential group was higher than ruminative group. But, the reflective group did not differ with experiential group. This result suggest that decentering is increased in the experiential as well as the reflective group and is a important factor for treating depression in MBCT and cognitive therapy.
The current study aimed to examine the relationships among the meaning of life, self-esteem, interpersonal relation, social support and mental heal, and identify differences of self-esteem, interpersonal relation, social support and mental heal according to meaning of life level. At this study, 632 students completed five questionnaires; purpose in life(PIL), self-esteem, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, social support and mental heal. PIL test if utilized to measure the level of purpose in life and High/Middle/Low groups are classified from the score. The results of this study are as follows. High level of purpose of life was related to high self-esteem, mental health, social support and to low social avoidance and distress. The correlation of the purpose of life, self esteem, mental health and social support were showed significantly positive but social avoidance and distress was showed negative correlation with all. Self-esteem, interpersonal relation, social support and mental heal was accounting for 60.4% of the variance in the purpose in life. Finally, the limitations of this study and the directions of future study were discussed.
This study aims to examine the change of mental health status on cadets during the four-year period of attendance at Korea Military Academy. The results of MMPI and MMPI-2 that 201 cadets committed for three times are intensively analysed. Cadets took MMPI at the entrance exam, and took both of tests on the junior year with a five-day interval in a random order. Lastly, MMPI-2 is examined for the senior cadets. Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance demonstrates the results of junior cadet's MMPI have lower L and K scores, but higher Pa, Pt and Si sores than those of MMPI at the entrance exam. MMPI-2 in the senior year have high L, K, Hs scores, but low Pa, Ma and Si scores than MMPI-2 in the junior year. This results mean that junior cadets had experienced much psychological distress compared to the period which they entered. However, the results of senior cadets show they become extroversive, stable, and more hypochondriac than before. Overall, the findings suggest that mental health state or personality functioning exhibits considerable stability during four-years, yet can change in specific ways. Implications of this study are discussed and are compared with previous works. Also, limitations of this study and directions of future research are provided.
This study investigated the relationship among college students' insecure attachment, ego identity and career indecision. It also explored the mediating effect of ego identity on the relationship between insecure attachment and career indecision. A questionnaire was administered to 846 college students of five universities. The results indicated that attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance had a positive influences on career indecision and attachment anxiety had influences on career indecision more than attachment avoidance. Diffusion Status, Foreclosure Status and Moratorium Status had a influences on career indecision positively. But Achievement Status had a influence on career indecision negatively. Diffusion Status, Foreclosure Status and Moratorium Status were found to play a mediating role in the relationship between attachment anxiety and career indecision. Foreclosure Status was found to play a mediating role in the relationship between attachment anxiety and career indecision. This study reveals that, insecure attachment and maladjustment ego identity were a significant predictor of career indecision. and insecure attachment indirectly affected career indecision through the maladjustment ego identity