This study used a content analysis on the recently published qualitative studies on drug addiction recovery in Korea to examine the characteristics of the step-by-step drug addiction recovery process based on the transtheoretical model. The final 16 qualitative studies were selected through a systematic review and search for papers related to the recovery of domestic drug addiction published in domestic academic journals and master's and doctorate papers from 2010 to 2021. Additionally, the factors of each recovery stage in the 16 qualitative studies were classified based on the transtheoretical model. and common features were analyzed. From the findings, first, the recovery factors common in the precontemplation and maintenance stages, the five stages of the hyper-theoretical model, were internal environmental and relational factors. Second in the fourth stage from the deliberation stage to the maintenance stage, the spiritual factors and the positive and hope factors were derived in common. Third, as a unique feature of each stage, the precontemplation stage was derived as distorted satisfaction, temptation, and curiosity, pleasure immersion, and the contemplation stage were derived as recognition and acceptance, floor experience, isolation, and reflection. The preparation stage was a change of thinking, The action stage was lifestyle restoration, and the maintenance stage was service. This study is meaningful as well as significant as it provides a theoretical basis for counseling and program development to support recovery using the step-by-step characteristics of drug addiction recovery through the transtheoretical model.
The purpose of this study was to develop a program to investigate the effects of the Meditation-Mindfulness-Positive Psychology Training (MMPT) program on aging anxiety and well-being of middle-aged women and to verify its effectiveness. To this end, a program was developed focusing on meditation, mindfulness, and positive psychology, which are the components of MMPT, and middle-aged women with high aging anxiety were selected, and 22 people in the real-time online video group, 24 people in the online video group, and 23 people in the waiting control group were targeted. The effect of the intervention was verified by comparison. Measures of life satisfaction and satisfaction prediction, cognitive flexibility, psychological well-being, aging anxiety, and depression in each group were collected before, during, after, and after the program (one month later). As a result, the participants in the real-time online program group and the online video program group significantly changed life satisfaction and satisfaction expectations, cognitive flexibility, psychological well-being, aging anxiety, and depression levels before and after the program, and the changes were maintained until 1 month later. Its therapeutic effect has been proven. In addition, in order to investigate the mechanism, the mediating effect on mindfulness, self-compassion, and cognitive emotion regulation, which are the key factors of the MMPT program, was verified. It was confirmed that the indirect effect was significant. Based on these results, the contribution of the MMPT program to the improvement of psychological health was discussed, and considerations for future research were presented.
The purpose of this study was to examine the moderated mediating effect of self-compassion through internalized shame on the relationship between adult attachment and anger-in. In this study, 448 subjects older than age across the country completed self-report surveys. Data were analyzed for mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation effects using SPSS 25.0 and SPSS PROCESS Macro 3.4. The results are as follow: First, there was a positive correlation between adult attachment (attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance), anger-in, and internalized shame. There was negative correlation between self-compassion and the others. Second, internalized shame showed partial mediating effect in the relationship of adult attachment(attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance) and anger-in. Third, self-compassion moderated the relationship between adult attachment (attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance) and internalized shame. Fourth, the mediated effect of internalized shame was controlled by self-compassion in the relation of adult attachment (attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance) and anger-in. These findings show that self–compassion has a buffering effect that reduces the internalized shame that has a signiticant impact on dysfunctional anger expression (anger-in). Based on these results, the limitations and suggestion of the study are discussed.
Procrastination is an unnecessary behavior which prohibits initiating and completing the given tasks. The purpose of this study was to examine the two subtypes of academic procrastination, academic initiation-procrastination(AIP) and academic completion- procrastination(ACP), and investigate the psychological mediating factors AIP and ACP. A series of empirical studies were conducted to assess (1) the possible mediating role of task avoidance/sensation seeking(TA/SS) in the relationship between impulsiveness and AIP, and (2) the mediation effect of the feeling of incompleteness in the relationship between perfectionism and ACP. In this study, 234 undergraduate students completed several surveys - the Academic Initiation- Completion Procrastination Scale(AICPS), Multi-dimensional Perfectionism Scale(MPS-F), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS), task avoidance/sensation seeking(TA/SS) and incompleteness scale - and the relationships among the variables were analyzed. The results revealed that TA/SS partially mediated the relationship between impulsiveness and AIP. Also, Incompleteness fully mediated the relationship between perfectionism and ACP. The findings of this study can provide additional explanation of psychological mechanism in academic initiation- and completion-procrastination. The limitations and clinical implications of this study and suggestions for further study are discussed.
Latent profile analysis (LPA) is a method commonly used in psychology to identify subgroups of individuals who share common characteristics. To apply LPA on data with missing values, full information maximum likelihood (FIML) and multiple imputation (MI) are commonly recommended. In this study, we propose k-nearest neighbor (kNN) imputation, as an efficient alternative to handle missing data in LPA and examined its potential using simulated datasets. Datasets were generated with varying conditions: missing value generation mechanisms, missing rates, distances between subgroups, and sample sizes. Complete data were generated by kNN imputation from the simulated datasets and were used in LPA. Results were compared to the results from FIML in terms of the number of estimated subgroups, the accuracy of mean profiles, and the quality of classification. The accuracy of the number of subgroups from kNN imputation was comparable to the results from FIML in most conditions, and kNN imputation performed better in some conditions Neither method consistently performed better in terms of the accuracy of mean profiles. The quality of classification from kNN imputation was better in all conditions, and was closer to the results from complete data analyses. From the results, we suggest kNN imputation as an alternative to FIML to handle missing data in LPA, especially in conditions wherein FIML often fails. We also suggest using kNN imputation as well as FIML to compare results to check the stability of parameter estimates.
The purpose of this study was to review the research trends and to conduct meta-analysis on the effects of the group counseling programs by analyzing 162 studies on victims of sexual assault. The research trends analysis focused on the number of studies by year, subjects, contents, and method of the study. For the meta-analysis, 12 articles were selected. The results revealed that the number of articles has dramatically increased since 2006. Second, as for research methods, quantitative studies are 54(33.3%), followed by the studies for qualitative studies, literature review, mixed research in order. Third, as for the participants, 45 studies(27.8%) are for adults, followed by the studies for children, adolescents in order. Fourth, concerning study themes or variables, 70(43.2%) are for emotion, followed by trauma-related, physical response-related, in order. Fifth, from 12 group counseling programs on victims of sexual assault 101 effect sizes were calculated with an average effect size of 1.073.
In this study, based on the concept of compassion, the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scale (CEAS) developed by Gilbert et al.(2017) was adapted and validated into a Korean version. A total of 400 adults age 20-49 were measured for relatedness, compassionate love, emotional support, self-compassion, depression, anxiety, and mental well-being. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 200 subjects and a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the other 200 subjects, respectively. As a result of factor analysis, a model similar to the original scale was found to be the most suitable. As a result of integrating all the data to verify the validity, the CEAS showed significant correlation with relatedness, compassionate love, emotional support, and self-compassion, and high correlation with depression, anxiety, and mental well-being. Additionally, except for social desirability in hierarchical regression analysis, the incremental variance of CEAS for depression, anxiety, and mental well-being was significant. Based on these results, it was confirmed that the Korean version of CEAS is a reliable and valid tool.