섭식행동에서 계획된 행동이론과 Bentler-Speckart 모형의 비교 검증
Comparison of Theory of Planned Behavior and Bentler-Speckart Model on Eating Behaviors
한덕웅 (성균관대학교)
초록
섭식행동들 가운데 개인이 자신의 섭식행동을 점검하거나 이미 먹은 음식을 제거하는 섭식장애행동에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 설명하기 위하여 계획된 행동이론과 수정된 Bentler-Speckart 모형을 비교하여 타당성을 검증하였다. 미국의 한 주립대학교의 여학생 130명을 대상으로 섭식점검행동은 음식의 영양분을 고려하고 신경 써서 음식을 섭취하는 것과 같이 자신의 섭식을 관찰하는 행동으로 정의하고 측정하였다. 섭식장애행동은 섭식장애 가운데 이미 먹은 음식을 의도적으로 몸 밖으로 배출하기 위하여 하제나 이뇨제를 사용하는 행동으로 정의하고 측정하였다. 이 두 척도들로 측정한 행동들이 두 요인으로 변별됨을 검증하였고, 이론과 모형에서 제안한 변인들이 두 유형의 섭식행동들에 대한 예측력에서 차이가 있는지 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 중요한 결과는 다음과 같다; 첫째, 섭식장애행동과 섭식점검행동은 독립적이고 구분되는 행동의 차원이라는 점을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 섭식점검행동의 경우에는 계획된 행동이론과 수정된 Bentler-Speckart 모형 모두에서 부합도 수준이 유의한 차이없이 양호하였다. 그리고 각 이론과 모형에서 제안한 경로들도 대부분 유의하였다. 다만 계획된 행동이론에서 주관규범이 행동의도에 직접 영향을 미치는 경로와 행동통제력지각이 섭식점검행동에 직접 영향을 미치는 경로가 유의하지 않았다. 수정된 Bentler-Speckart 모형에서는 행동의도가 섭식점검행동에 영향을 미치는 직접 경로가 유의한 경향만 보였다. 셋째, 섭식장애행동의 경우에는 수정된 Bentler-Speckart 모형이 계획된 행동이론보다 부합도 수준이 더 우수하였다. 그리고 계획된 행동이론에 의해서 섭식장애행동을 예측하면 과거행동이 행동통제력지각에 영향을 미치고, 태도가 행동의도에 영향을 미치며, 행동의도가 행동을 유의하게 예측하였다. 수정된 Bentler-Speckart 모형에 의하여 검증하면 태도, 행동통제력지각 및 과거행동이 행동의도를 유의하게 설명하지만, 행동의도는 행동을 예측하지 못하고, 과거행동만 행동을 직접 예측하는데 유의하게 기여하였다. 끝으로 본 연구에서 얻은 결과들과 시사점을 선행연구들과 관련지어서 논의하였다.
- keywords
- 섭식행동, 섭식장애, 섭식점검행동, 계획된 행동이론, Bentler-Speckart 모형, 행동의도, 태도, 주관규범, 행동통제력지각, 과거행동., eating behavior, eating disorder, eating monitoring, Theory of planned behavior, Bentler-Speckart model, behavioral intention, attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, past behavior.
Abstract
To differentiate the predictors of monitoring behavior about what they eat and purging behavior of what they ate, Theory of Planned Behavior(TPB) and modified Bentler-Speckart Model(modified BSM) were applied to eating behaviors at the sample of 130 female students of a university of United States. eating monitoring was defined and measured as watching what one eat and monitoring the nutritional content, and eating disorder behavior was defined and measured as purging, vomiting, using a laxative. The factorial structure of seven measures of eating behaviors which was assumed to be composed of two dimensions was tested. Also, predictive powers of precedents were tested by Structural Equation Modeling. The main results were as follows. First, eating monitoring and eating disorder behavior were independent and different dimensions. Second, as far as eating monitoring concerned, the model fits of Theory of planned behavior(TPB) and modified Bentler-Speckart model were satisfactory. Also, almost all of the path coefficients were significant except for the path from subjective norm to intention, from perceived behavioral control to present behavior in TPB and from intention to present behavior in modified BSM. Third, as far as eating disorder behavior concerned, the model fits of modified BSM was better than those of TPB. Finally, the limitations of this study and the implications for future studies were discussed.
- keywords
- 섭식행동, 섭식장애, 섭식점검행동, 계획된 행동이론, Bentler-Speckart 모형, 행동의도, 태도, 주관규범, 행동통제력지각, 과거행동., eating behavior, eating disorder, eating monitoring, Theory of planned behavior, Bentler-Speckart model, behavioral intention, attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, past behavior.
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